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Learn how to use poetry with ELLs at the middle school and secondary level
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Re-Examining the “E” in TESOL through Poetry
Dr. Carol Bearse, PresenterTouro College, NY,NY 10010
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Agenda
• Research supporting poetry with ELLs• Development of Academic English– Word Bowl Poems
• Oral fluency and intonation– Poems in Two Voices– Choral Reading / Jazz Chants– Mind Mirror
• Connections to Content Areas: ELA, ESL, Social Studies, Science, Math
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Why Poetry for ELLS?
• Promotes academic English and vocabulary growth
• Promotes connections between the left and the right brain hemispheres
• Promotes critical thinking• Promotes oral fluency• Connects to the Affective Filter and fosters
comprehension and cultural awareness• Short concise way of expressing oneself04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Brain Research and Metaphor
• Sousa (2001) notes that metaphor enables readers to:– Make much more complex connections when they
read– Understand abstract materials as well and as
rapidly as literal language– Enhance thinking processes by encouraging
students to seek out associations and connections– Gain insight into relationships among ideas
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Using Metaphors to Enhance Transfer
• Six-step process for using metaphors in lesson design (West, Farmer, & Wolff, 1991):– Select the Metaphor: centers on goodness of fit,
degree or richness of imagery, familiarity that students have with it, and its novelty
– Emphasize the metaphor– Establish context– Provide instructions for imagery (“Create a mental
picture)– Emphasize similarities and differences
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Metaphors in Poetry
• Metaphor Hunt/ Brainstorming• Metaphor Carousel• Poetry/Lyrics that supports reading and
creation of metaphors: The Wind Song
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Using the 5 Senses
• I see• I hear• I touch• I smell• I taste• Use as prompts when describing paintings,
photos, tactile objects, writing simple riddles
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Oral Fluency and Intonation
• Jazz chants (Graham, C., 2002)• Poems in Two Voices• Poems in Multiple voices (“The Road Not
Taken,” by Robert Frost)• Mind-Mirror Strategy• Tie-In to Music & Lyrics (“Wind Song,” John
Denver)
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
ELA Connections
• Use as a lead-in to the reading of a novel or as an assessment after reading
• Use examples of figurative language in the writing of poetry :alliteration, personification
• Extending poetry into other forms of writing as memoir writing (pre-writing strategy)
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Social Studies Connections
• Dear Anne Frank (during study of Holocaust)
• Harlem Renaissance– Georgia Douglas Johnson– Langston Hughes
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Science Connections
• Earth Day– Native American poetry (“In Beauty I Walk”)– Common Themes in Native American culture
• Persona poetry – “Desert Tortoise” by Byrd Baylor
Odes (Poems of Praise) using Pablo Neruda-Ode to the Lemon
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
ESL Connections
• Poetry of Identity– Culture plays a key role in identity formation for
bilingual adolescents– May play a key role in adolescent writing– Valdes (1999) refers to the need to pay attention
to what students bring with them into the classroom in terms of home cultures and understandings
– Bearse (2003): impact of culture and identity on writing process
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Who Am I?
• I am a Spanish girl from Puerto Rico.• I am cuddly as a bear when it’s cold outside.• I am the butterfly in the garden that brings the
fragrance.• I am like the sunshine when I am smiling.• I am smart as a computer.• I yawn and stretch like a lion.• I am lovely as a rose. (Grade 6)
TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA04/12/23
Who Am I Rubric
• Has at least 8 lines• Includes something you like to do• Includes a description of your personality• Includes something about where you are from• Uses many specific descriptive words• Has no more than 2 spelling/grammar
mistakes
TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA04/12/23
Special Person
• When I remember my grandmother, I see her silver hair tied in braids on the top of her head. I see her smile that always greeted me with Love. I see her black garden shoes that she wore when she dug in the roses.
• I hear her voice calling me “Sugar.” I hear her warning, “Prosexi kala!” which means “Be careful in Greek. I hear her stories about Greece and about working for $2 a week in a factory in Boston…………(Bearse, 2008)
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Special Person
• When I remember my grandmother, I see her silver hair tied in braids on the top of her head. I see her smile that always greeted me with Love. I see her black garden shoes that she wore when she dug in the roses.
• I hear her voice calling me “Sugar.” I hear her warning, “Prosexi kala!” which means “Be careful in Greek. I hear her stories about Greece and about working for $2 a week in a factory in Boston…………(Bearse, 2008)
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
My Special Place
• Possible Patterns• My special place is……………….• My secret place is …………………• When I remember my special place, I think
of…………………• Come with me to………………..where……• Past the mountain where you can see…..• Past the lake where………..Past the old tree that was
there when I was born. Climb up and there is my special place.
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Special Place
• Come with me to my Puerto Rico• Where you can find some of the most
beautiful beaches in the world like Luquillo Beach
• Where you can feel happiness and peace• Where you can hear coconuts falling in the
ground• Where you can hear the wind whispering in
your ear.
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
A Special Place Rubric
• Has at least 15 lines• Names a specific special place• Describes why that place is special to you• Describes how you feel in this place• Describes what you do in this place.• Uses the 5 senses and many specific
descriptive words to create an image in the reader’s mind
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Self-Portraits
• Character Web: 5 spokes---Background, physical, personality, hobbies, hopes and dreams for the future
• Lesson on leads• Lesson on rearranging paragraphs• Lesson on writing conclusions
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Possible Frame for Writing
• Write the following paragraphs in your autobiography
• Background/Family• Topic sentence for this paragraph could begin
this way: Did you know that I am from……..(tell name of country and describe it a little)? Continue to tell about your background using ideas from web on Background.
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
Frame (cont)
• Paragraph 2: Special person• Describe your special person. What does this
person look like?• Why is this person special to you?• Topic sentence for this paragraph could begin
this way: My special person is very important to me. She/he is my …………
• Now continue to describe your special person from the web and from your poem.
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
(Frame cont.)
• Paragraph 3: Special place• Possible topic sentence: I love to go to my
special place in the…..or at the…………• Continue to describe this special place from
the web and from your poem.• Paragraph 4: Hobbies: Topic sentence: I enjoy
doing things in my free time.• Paragraph 5: Conclusion
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
References
• Bearse, C.I. (2005). The sky in my hands: Accelerating academic English through the writing process. Cambridge, MA: language Learning Innovations, Inc.
• Carnegie Report, Writing Next (2007)• Graham, C. (2002). Children’s jazz chants old
and new. (Oxford University Press: ISBN-10: 0194337219).
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
References (cont.)
• Sousa, D. (2001). How the brain learns. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
• Sousa, D. (2011). How the ELL brain learns. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
• Walqui, A. & van Lier,, L. (2010). Scaffolding the academic success of adolescent
English language learners. San Francisco, CA: WestEd.
04/12/23 TESOL 2011 Convention, New Orleans, LA
