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The Quality of Journalistic Knowledge A contribution of social science to a constructivist epistemology of journalism Gerard Smit Research centre for communication & journalism University of applied sciences Utrecht, The Netherlands

Quality of Journalistic knowledge

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Presentation for the International Social Theory Consortium 10th Annual Meeting 16-17 June 2011, Cork Ireland

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Page 1: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

The Quality of Journalistic Knowledge

A contribution of social science to a constructivist epistemology of

journalism

Gerard SmitResearch centre for communication & journalism

University of applied sciences Utrecht, The Netherlands

Page 2: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Overview

Page 3: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

The ideology of journalism

Page 4: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

First Principles

Page 5: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Being right and impartial

Verification Accuracy

Independence

Page 6: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Journalism, Science and Democracy

1922-1925

Journalism is about news, science about truth.

Journalism is about news, science about truth.

Journalism has to foster public debate

Journalism has to foster public debate

The journalist’s version of

the truth, is only his version

The journalist’s version of

the truth, is only his version

The press supplies meaning

The press supplies meaning

Page 7: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Journalism, Science and Democracy

1973 - 2003

Precision journalism is

scientific journalism

Precision journalism is

scientific journalism

It is still a novel idea…

It is still a novel idea…

Page 8: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Qualitative research

2004

Methods, No Methodology

Page 9: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

A model of social research

1994/2010

IDEAS/

SOCIAL THEORY

ANALYTIC FRAMES

REPRESENTATION OF

SOCIAL LIFE

IMAGES

EVIDENCE/DATA

retroduction

mostly inductive

mostly deductive

dialogue between ideas and evidence

dialogue between ideas and evidence

Page 10: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

IDEAS/SOCIAL THEORY

IDEAS/SOCIAL THEORY

EVIDENCE/DATA

EVIDENCE/DATA

REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL

LIFE

REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL

LIFE

ANALYTIC FRAMES

ANALYTIC FRAMES

IMAGESIMAGES

mostly deductive

mostly inductive

retroduction

Page 11: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Towards a model of journalistic research

Page 12: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

IDEAS/SOCIAL THEORY

IDEAS/SOCIAL THEORY

EVIDENCE/DATA

EVIDENCE/DATA

REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL

LIFE

REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL

LIFE

ANALYTIC FRAMES

ANALYTIC FRAMES

IMAGESIMAGES

mostly deductive

mostly inductive

retroduction

IDEAS/ROLE

PERCEPTION

IDEAS/ROLE

PERCEPTION

NARRATIVE STRUCTURESNARRATIVE

STRUCTURES

RESEARCH TECHNIQUESRESEARCH

TECHNIQUES

EVIDENCE/FACTS

EVIDENCE/FACTS

Adaptation

Page 13: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Constructivist model for investigative journalism

Evaluation criterion: coherence

Page 14: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Conclusion

Page 15: Quality of Journalistic knowledge

Debate