L/O/G/O

PUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC POLICY

OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE

• To learn the definition and meaning of public policy

• To learn the subfields of public policy.

ANTHONY DUENAS MPA STUDENT

WE DEFINE PUBLIC ASWE DEFINE PUBLIC AS

• concerning the people as a whole.• accessible to or shared by all members of

the community• relating to a government• relating to, or being in the service of the

community or nation • relating to people in general

WE DEFINE POLICY ASWE DEFINE POLICY AS

• a course of action adopted and pursued by a government, ruler, political party

• a document embodying a contract of insurance

• a principle to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes

• a statement of intent, and is implemented as a procedure or protocol.

WE DEFINE PUBLIC POLICY ASWE DEFINE PUBLIC POLICY AS

KRAFT AND FURLONGKRAFT AND FURLONG

“A COURSE OF GOVERNMENT ACTION OR INACTION IN RESPONSE TO A

PUBLIC PROBLEMS”

Scott R. Furlong

DYE 1987DYE 1987

“whatever governments choose to do or not to do”

Eyestone 1971Eyestone 1971

• “the relationship of governmental unit to its• environment”

James Anderson 1994 James Anderson 1994

“purposive course of action or inaction undertaken by an actor or set of actors in

dealing witha problem or matter of concern”

WILSON 2006WILSON 2006

“The actions, objectives, and pronouncements of governments on

particular matters, the steps they take (or fail to take) to implement them, and the

explanations they give for what happen(or does not happen)”

IS THERE A EXACT DEFINITION?IS THERE A EXACT DEFINITION?

The bottom line is that there is no precise and universal definition of public policy, nor is it likely that such a definition will be conceived in the foreseeable future. Instead, there is general agreement that public policy includes the process of making choices and the outcomes or actions of particular decisions; that what makes public policy “public” is that these choices or actions are backed by the coercive powers of the state; and that at its core, public policy is a response to a perceived problem (Birkland 2001).

SUBFIELDS OF PUBLIC POLICYSUBFIELDS OF PUBLIC POLICY

POLICY ANALYSIS

POLICY EVALUATION

POLICY PROCESS

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

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POLICY PROCESSPOLICY PROCESS

• Research is focused on the how and why of policymaking.

• Those who study policy process are interested in finding out why governments pay attention to some problems and not others (agenda setting), why policy changes or remains stable across time, and where policy comes from.

POLICY EVALUATIONPOLICY EVALUATION

• “The consequences of what governments do and say” (Dubnick and Bardes 1983)

• The fundamental question in policy evaluation is empirical: what have we done?

POLICY ANALYSISPOLICY ANALYSIS

• Policy analysis focuses on ex ante questions. The most fundamental of these is: what should we do?

• To determine the best policy for public authorities to adopt to address a give problem or issue of concern.

• The challenge in policy analysis judgment between effective and efficient

Difference of Policy and LawDifference of Policy and Law

PolicyPolicy

• Policies are only documents• A policy is that which outlines what a

government is going to do and not to do• Policies can be called a set of rules that

guide any government or any organization.• Policies are objectives that an organization

or a government sets for itself to achieve in a given period of time

LawLaw

• Laws are the tools that help a government achieve there objectives

• Laws are the standard rules and regulations that are compulsory and to be followed by all the people of the country

• Laws are set of principles that guide people’s actions in various situations of life

ReferencesReferences

Public policy theory primer by Kevin B. Smith and Christopher W. Larimer

Wikipedia.com

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Thank You!Thank You!