Upload
prabhu-kiran
View
119
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
OUTLINE
Introduction
Components list
Block diagram
Description
Microcontroller 8051
Principle of operation
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Traditionally, a voting machine has been defined by the
mechanism the system uses to cast votes and categorized by the
location where the system tabulates the votes. With
advancement in technology EVM came into picture.
It ensures flawless voting and thus has become more
widespread.Retains all the characteristics of voting while
making it more expedient.
Certain systems may be more or less accessible to all voters, or
not accessible to those voters with certain of disabilities. They
can also have an effect on the public's ability to oversee
elections types.
COMPONENTS LIST
Micro controller 8051(AT89C51)
LED
LCD(16*2Alphanumaric)
Power supply
Control switches
DESCRIPTION
The electronic voting machine consists of four blocks
Microcontroller
Control switches
LCD display
Input keys
MICROCONTROLLER 8051
Microcontroller 8051 is designed in 1980’s by Intel.
It is a computer on chip type.
It is 40 pin dip type ic.
It is designed for performing special type operation to do
specific jobs.
Contd…….
It has four sets of i/o pins which can be used both input and
output operations.
It contains four ports.
Each port contains 8 pins.
The pin configuration is shown below
Contd…..
Pins 1-8:it is said to be port 1 and it is used for input/output
operations.
Pin 9 is a reset pin.
Pins 10-17: it is port 3 is also used for input/output operations
but specially it has alternate operations
1. Pin 10(RXD): - Serial asynchronous communication input or
Serial synchronous communication output.
Contd…..
1. Pin 11(TXD): Serial asynchronous communication output or
Serial synchronous communication clock output.
2. Pin 12(INT 0):Interrupt 0 input.
3. Pin 13(INT 1);Interrupt 1 input.
4. Pin 14(T0):Counter 0 clock input.
5. Pin 15(T1):Counter 1 clock input.
6. Pin 16(WR): Write to external (additional) RAM.
7. Pin 17(RD):Read from external RAM.
Pin 18 to 19(X1,X2):Internal oscillator.
Contd….
Pin 20(GND):Ground
Pin 21-28(port 2): I/P or O/P port when no external memory is
used. In case external memory is used, the higher address byte.
Pin 29 (PSEN): Program Store Enable. If external ROM is used
for storing program then a logic zero (0) appears on it every
time the microcontroller reads a byte from memory
Pin 30 (ALE): Address Latch Enable
Contd…
Pin 31 (EA): Enable Access. To use program from an ext.
memory(Logic zero), to use program from both int. as well as
ext. memory (logic 1).
Pin 32-39 (port 0): -I/P or O/P when ALE is low and lower
order address byte when ALE is high.
Pin 40(Vcc): +5v power supply.
LCD 2*16
The Serial LCDs are very functional, liquid crystal displays
that can be easily interfaced to and controlled by a
microcontroller using an I/O pin.
This device can be connected to a PC serial port using a
MAX232 line driver. The circuit isn't supported by us.
The LCD displays provide basic text wrapping so that your text
looks correct on the display.
Full control over all of their advanced LCD features allows you
to move the cursor anywhere on the display with a single
instruction and turn the display on and off in any configuration
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Power on: When supply is turned on WHITE LED glows.
VOTING MODE
-toggle switch on VCC
When toggle switch is in voting mode“Voting mode” is displayed followed by“Please vote”. After a vote being given,“Please wait for authority switch” isdisplayed and again enable for votingafter Control switch being pressed bythe voting Authority.
COUNTING MODE
-toggle switch on GND.
Counting Mode: When toggle switch is incounting mode “Counting mode” indisplayed on the screen, and total numberof votes to respective candidate can bedisplayed on the screen
Contd….
Clear mode: Press clear switch when all entries are required to
be erased. Clear switch should be pressed before voting
procedure.
Buzzer indication: Pressing of key in voting mode is indicated
by a buzzer sound.
Controller switch: This switch is provided for enabling the
keypad in voting mode.
This Switch is under the control of voting authority.
ADAVANTAGES
It is economical.
Less manpower required.
Time conscious, as less time required for voting & counting.
Avoids invalid voting.
Saves transportation cost due to its compact size.
Convenient on the part of voter.
DISADVANTAGES
Security issues and unequal internet access.
We have to use external chip to store the votes.
We have provide continuous power supply,
Conclusion
This approach allows for the easy development and
deployment of applications. For quite some time, voting
equipment vendors have maintained that their systems are
secure, and that the closed-source nature makes them even
more secure.
In fact, we believe that an open process would result in more
careful development, as more scientists, software engineers,
political activists, and others who value their democracy would
be paying attention to the quality of the software that is used
for their elections.
REFRENCES
www.ieee.com
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems by Mazidi
www.microcontrollerprojects00.blogspot.in