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The presentation of Isilda Nhantumbo, a senior researcher with IIED's Natural Resources Group, to the IIED-hosted Moving ahead with Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) workshop on 9-10 April 2014. The presentation, made in the third session on experiences from the ground and REDD+ financing, focused on carbon rights and benefit-sharing issues related to the private sector in REDD+. More information on Nhantumbo’s work: http://www.iied.org/users/isilda-nhantumbo. Further details of the workshop and IIED's work on REDD+ are available via http://www.iied.org/coverage-moving-ahead-redd-prospects-challenges-workshop.
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Author nameDateIsilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Carbon rights and benefit-sharing issues
Private sector in REDD+
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
10-110 years
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Questions
• Is the PS engaged in demonstration projects?
• To what extent (number, area, volume of investment…)
• How did it acquire the right to develop and transact credits?
• How is it sharing benefits with local communities?
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Private sector led
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Role of Private Sector in REDD+
• Demand credits: corporations (e.g. offsetting)
• Supply credits: consultancy co, brokers; implementing projects
• Demand and supply: options to consumers
• Financing REDD+ - CSR, Philanthropy, investment
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Rights to carbon• No encompassing national legislation
• Bilateral agreements
• Company holds rights to sell carbon• DRC, Kenya, Tanzania, Zimbabwe
• Indonesia, Malaysia
• Peru, Paraguay, Costa Rica, Belize
• Current legislation – Carbon as another commodity
• Communities hold the rights to carbon• Colombia, Mexico
• Cameroon
• Government holds the rights to Carbon• Cambodia
• Ecuador
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Benefits
• Very clear obligations for local land users• India, Malawi, Tanzania, DRC
• 23% - mention B sharing; 16% - state share• 10% - Africa• 5% - Asia• 8%- Latin America
• Rest – silent = risky?
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Benefits• What benefits – CB, employment,
extensions services• Accounting for the OC of labour, …• Social infrastructure ….25 years contract!
• Very clear obligations for local land users• India, Malawi, Tanzania, DRC
• Taxation – area based; income; social obligations
• Payments to communities
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Multiple actors, competing uses and claim of benefits
The complex landscape of REDD+
Isilda Nhantumbo
• Land users as shareholders?
• Shared ownership of land, forests
• Change LU practices to address DD
Change in behaviour and practicesCash to individual is also important
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Isilda Nhantumbo9/4/2014
Moving ahead with REDD+
Conclusion
• PS – key actor• Legislation needed – long term
investment• Beyond communities• Benefits, versus net benefits
