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Present Perfect
Indefinite Past
They’ve been to Rome.
What verb tense is this?
Is the action past, present, or future?
Do we know exactly when this action happened?
present perfect
past
no
Present Perfect
Now
FuturePast?
•Use the present perfect when you do not know when something happened or when the specific time is not important.
•The present perfect always has a connection to the present. Use the present perfect to show that the result of the action or state is important in the present.
We’ve traveled to Egypt.
Crystal has been to Rome.
The hotel has closed.(So we can’t stay there now.)The flight has been cancelled.(So we can’t take our flight.)
Present Perfect
Practice: Use the verbs in the list to complete the sentences talking about the indefinite past. Don’t forget to change the verb into the past participle form.
Base Form Verbsmakehearflyswimridesee
1. Julie _____________ several trips this year.
2. You _______________ on a camel. Did you enjoy it?
3. I’d like to go to Costa Rica. I _____________ that it’s
beautiful.
4. They _____________ the ancient Egyptian pyramids
before.
5. He ______________ Air France many times. It’s his
favorite airline.
has made have ridden
have heard
have seen
has flown
Present Perfect
•For many speakers been to and gone to have different meanings.
Omran has been to the mall.
Omran has gone to the mall.
But he is back now. And he is
still there.
Practice: Use the form have + been + to + a place to tell your partner where you have been.
I’ve been to Canada.
I’ve been to Jones Hall.
I’ve been to that restaurant.
Present Perfect with Adverbs
•We can use the present perfect with adverbs to talk about the indefinite past.
I’veoftenalwaysnever
traveled by train.
I’ve traveled by train twice.many times.
BE CAREFUL! Do not use the present perfect with adverbs that refer to the definite past. I’ve traveled by train yesterday.
WPresent Perfect with Adverbs
Have you ever ridden an elephant?Yes, I have.Yes, I have ridden an elephant in India.No, never.No, I’ve never ridden an elephant.
•To answer positively, we normally add more information. To answer negatively, we normally use never.
Present Perfect with Adverbs
I haven’t been to the beach lately.I’ve been to the beach recently.I’ve recently been to the beach.I’ve just been to the beach.
REMEMBER: In American English, we often use just and recently with the simple past. You can’t use lately with the simple past.
Present Perfect with Adverbs
Repeated Actions in the Past
Actions that continue to the
present
Action happened anytime before
now
Action happened very recently (but
still indefinite)
twicemany times
hardly everrarely
sometimesoften
usually
alwaysnever
ever never
justlately
recently•Use ever to ask questions.
•Use never in negative answers.
•Just and recently can be used with the simple past.
Present Perfect Word Order
Kanna has often traveled by train.
Olga has traveled by train many times.
Adham hasn’t been to the beach lately.
Nawaf has recently been to the beach.
Zhen has just been to the beach.
Present Perfect
Practice: These two people are talking about where they have been while traveling for work. Work with a partner to write 2 sentences and 2 answers that they might say.
example: Q: Have you ever visited New York City?A: Yes, I have been there twice.
Q: How many times have you been to Guam?A: I have never been to Guam.