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It’s realized through certain items that do not have value or cannot be given a semantic interpretation but have to be interpreted by reference to other items or to an information that must be found somewhere else
inside or outside the text.
These items are: REFERENCE and REFERENT
ENDOPHORA
Anaphora CataphoraBack in the
textForward in
the text
EXOPHORA
Outside the text
• Personal Pronouns
• Possesive adjectives
• Possesive pronouns
•Reflexive pronouns
• Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns.
• The definite article
• Some adverbs.
• General identity
• Similarity
• Difference
• Particular Numerative
• Nominal Substitution
• Verbal substitution
• Clausal Substitution
• Nominal Ellipsis
• Verbal Ellipsis
• Clausal Ellipsis
• Additive
•Adversative
•Causal
•Temporal
Is the cohesive effect that is produced by the vocabulary used in
a text.