Slide (1):-Acute suppurative appendicitis

Naked eye :-Circular structure with bluish wall Organ :-T.S. of an appendix Comment :- 1-Lumen :-Necrotic debris,intact and dead

PNLs, 2-Mucosa :-Intact and ulcerated areas 3-Submucosa :-Edema ,dilated and congested

blood vessels , hyperplastic lymphoid follicles and PNL,s may extends to musculosa or serosa

Diagnosis :- Acute suppurative appendicitis

Slide (2):- Chronic inflammation

Organ :- Section in the skin Comment :- 1-Epidermis :- Thickened epidermis and keratin 2-Dermis :- -Arterioles :- Thickened and narrowed (EAO) -Peri-vascular cuffing by (lymphocytes ,plasma

cells and macrophages) -Increased fibroblasts and collagen.

Diagnosis :- Chronic inflammation in

skin

Slide(3):-Myocardial scarring Organ :- Section in heart Comment :- Intact cardiac muscles :- Running in different directions Infarction area :- Pale pink,fibrous tissue

area ,composed of wavy collagen,few fibroblasts and few dilated thin walled capillaries

Diagnosis:-

Myocardial scarring

Cell injury (degeneration)Water accumulation :-e.g Cloudy swelling of kidney Fat accumulation :-e.g fatty change of liver

Cloudy swelling :- Reversible cell damage characterized by mild

accumulation of water inside cells. Oragns affected :-Proximal convoluted tubules of

kidney ,liver and heartPathogenesis:-swollen mitochondria is fragmented

with resultant decreased production of ATP and consequent distrubed Na/K pump retention of Na and H2O inside cells .

Pathology Grossly :- The organ size :- Increased Colour :- Pale Consistency:- Soft

Cloudy swelling of kidney

Section in the kidney :- Glomeruli :- Normal Tubules :- -Lumen :- Narrowed and star shaped -Lining epithelial cells *Swollen *Conical (pyramidal ) shaped.Its apex

directed inward. *Pink and granular cytoplasm

(mitochondrial damage. *Intact rounded nuclei .

Diagnosis :- Cloudy swelling of the kidney

Slide(4):-Cloudy swelling of

kidney

Fatty change ,liverA condition characterized by accumulation of

triglyceride inside hepatocytesCauses:-1-Toxins->diphtheria 2-Chemicals as phosphorus

and CCL4Etiology:-1-Increased entrance of FFAheptocytes2-Increased synthesis of FA and decreasd its

oxidation 3-Increased estrification of FA4-Decreased formation of phospholipids5-Decreased excretion of phospholipids.

Specimen :- Section of liver Size :- enlargedSurface :-SmoothCapsule :-Thin ,stretched easilyStrepedColour :- YellowishBorders :- RoundedConsistency:- Soft

D13

Section in liver :- Liver cells :- Cytoplasm :- Contain large clear

vacuoles Nuclei :-Peripheral located

nuclei(signet ring appearance.Some intact liver cells are seen.Diagnosis :- Fatty changes of liver.

Slide(5):-Fatty changes of liver

Naked eye :-Rounded structure with intra-luminal thrombus (2nd rounded structure)

Section in blood vessel :- 1- The lumen of blood vessel :- -Filled by thrombus mass attached to the vessel wall at one point (head of the thrombus ) 2-The thrombus mass containing :-pale pink lines radiating from the head (lines of Zahn) and

contain in between meshwork of fibrin ,RBC,s and WBC,s.

Diagnosis :- Recent thrombus

Slide(6):-Recent thrombus

2nd of circular lesions

Naked eye :- 3rd rounded structure Section in an artery :- Intima :- Degenerated and elevated Subintima :- Fibro-fatty mass

containing , needle like crystals of cholesterol. and haylinized C.T ± calcification

Elastic lamina :-Fragmented Media opposite the lesion :- Atrophic . Diagnosis :- Atherosclerosis of an

artery

Slide(7):-Atherosclerosis

Atheroma

Calcification Media

crystals