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“““”””
Members of Masa include: • Annie Brookman • Ava Wachter • Marissa Biese • Stephanie Fisher
Masa - GD 2 Research Group
“““”””
““““““Topic of Research :: HEALTH
Health categoires researched• Obesity -- Childhood, causes and e� ect, and prevention• School -- Nutrition, Fitness and Government
• Abuse -- Alcohol and Drug • Mental illnesses -- Elderly, Alzheimer’s and Dementia • Farming -- Health concerns and issues
• Depression -- Job loss, economy, and college students • Water pollution - Runo� , non-point/point source, • Air Pollution -- Causes and E� ects
Target Area :: Wisconsin
“““”””
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that
a� ects children and adolescents. It occurs when a
child is well above the normal weight for his or her
age and height. Childhood obesity is particularly
troubling because the extra pounds often start
children on the path to health problems that were
once con� ned to adults, such as diabetes, high blood
pressure and high cholesterol. Childhood obesity can
also lead to poor self-esteem and depression.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
What causes childhood obesity?
• Decrease in physical activity, both in the home and at schoolAmount of time kids spend playing outside has diminished over the past few decades. The majority of families have one or both parents working, so there is a lack of parental supervision after school, which leads to children staying safely inside their homes. Safe, but stagnant.
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
What causes childhood obesity?
• The physical education programs at school have been reduced or eliminated. Most parents rely on schools to provide their children’s physical activity.• Genetics
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
Risks to Obese Children:
• Immediate health risks include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, prediatbetes, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and social and psychological problems.
• Long-term health risks include type 2 diabetes, stroke, several types of cancer, and osteoarthritis.
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
Changes in Diet• Portion sizes in food outlets have doubled in the past two decades. There is also a very minimal charge to increase the size of the meal. They are advertised to children on TV with toys, music, and social icons. One third of American children eat fast food daily.
• Even children who receive free lunch at school will use their money to buy the preferred high-fat food. This gives the schools incentive to provide these foods and drinks in order to make money.
“““
”””
Over half the children in
America watch 3-5 hours of
television a day. Kids who watch
the most hours of television
have the highest rate of obesity.
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
Prevention of Childhood Obesity: • Healthy lifestyle habits, including healthy eating and physical activity.
•Dietary and physical activity behaviors are influenced by many sectors of society,
including families, communities, schools, child care settings, medical care providers,
religious institutions, government agencies, the media, and the food and beverage
industries and entertainment industries. If these different sectors in society can make
children’s health a bigger priority, perhaps American children will start to lead a
healthier lifestyle.
•Schools play a critical role in children’s’ health. Their policies and practices heavily
influence their students’ views on healthy behavior and practices. If schools begin to
press the issues of healthy behavior on their students and within their schools, the
outcome could drastically help curb the growing rate of childhood obesity.
“““”””
Questions to consider:
What can be done to create a healthier environment for k-12 schools?
What steps are being taken in school cafeterias?
How can we make physical education in school more of a priority?
Do di� erent races, ethnicities, social statuses, etc. have a stake in childhood obesity?
How much of a part does the media play in childhood obesity?
How much of this issue has the government taken on?
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Childhood Obesity
“““”””
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Eating Disorders
An eating disorder is an illness that causes serious
disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating
extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating.
A person with an eating disorder may have started out
just eating smaller or larger amounts of food, but at some
point, the urge to eat less or more spiraled out of control.
Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape
may also characterize an eating disorder. Approximately 11
million Americans su� er from an eating disorder.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““What are the di� erent types of eating disorders?
•AnorexiaExtreme thinness. Relentless pursuit of weight loss, intense fear of gaining weight, distorted self body image, extremely restricted eating.
•BulimiaFrequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food, and then forced vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, excessive exercise, or a combination of these behaviors.
•Binge-eating Disorder Unlike with anorexia or bulimia, binge-eating is not followed by any sort of purging or fasting. As a result, people with this disease are often obese or over-weight.
Topic of Research :: Eating Disorders
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““How are Eating Disorders Treated?
•Individual, group, and/or family psychotherapy•Medical care monitoring•Nutrition Counseling•Medications
Topic of Research :: Eating Disorders
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““What is being done to understand eating disorders?
• Researchers are finding that eating disorders are caused by a complex interaction of genetic, biological,
behavioral, psychological, and social factors.
• One approach involves the study of the human genes, to see if any DNA variations make a person more likely
to develop an eating disorder/
• Neuroimaging studies are helping researchers to better understand eating disorders and possible treatments.
They have seen differences in brain activity between a healthy woman and a woman suffering from bulimia.
• Psychotherapy interventions are also being studied. Understanding how different treatments are helping or
failing to help people with these diseases.
Topic of Research :: Eating Disorders
“““
”””
“Approximately 11 million
Americans su� er from
an eating disorder.”
“““”””
Questions to consider:
What part does the media play in encouraging eating disorders?
What areas in Wisconsin have the highest percentage of people with eating disorders?
What’s the family/social environment of people with eating disorders?
Do di� erent, races, ethnicities, social statuses, etc. play a role in who has an eating disorder?
Is there a certain personality that is more susceptible to these disorders?
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Annie Brookman
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Eating Disorders
“““”””
Alcohol consumption in the state of Wisconsin.
In the country, Wisconsin has the highest rates of current alcohol use, heavy use, and binge drinking among adults.
Because of this, the number of alcohol-related injuries and diseases are accountable for a large percentage of primary
care and emergency department visits in the state. In 2009 statistics show that Wisconsin high school students
reported the 11th highest rate of current alcohol use (41%) among all reporting states. However it is not all negative
when we are discussing alcohol use in the state of Wisconsin. Many rates of alcohol use have declined since previous
years, for example among students alcohol use has gone down from 52% in 1999 to 41% in 2009. In the 2010
Wisconsin state pro� le, the number of “alcohol as underlying or contributing cause of death” was 917. The number
of alcohol related motor vehicle crashes was 3,511, and the number of OWI citations given out was 3,315. The next
area of numbers displayed in the 2010 Wisconsin state pro� le was very interesting, because of the particular areas of
information that were given; the alcohol related hospitalizations’ in the year 2010 was a total of 11,621 patients who
stayed an average of 3.8 days and were charged an average amount of $11,304. The age groups de� ned in this statistic
were 18-44 years of age and 45-64 years of age. The older age groups had a higher number of hospitalization’s, 6,110
and were also charged more ($12,582) than that of the younger age group.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Ava Wachter
““““““Topic of Research :: Alcohol and Drug Abuse
“““
”””
“In 2009 statistics show
that Wisconsin high school
students reported the 11th
highest rate of current
alcohol use (41%) among
all reporting states”
“““”””
““““““Topic of Research :: Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Ava Wachter
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Statistics
• among students alcohol use has gone down from 52% in 1999 to 41% in 2009
• in 2010 Wisconsin state pro� le, the number of “alcohol as underlying or contribution cause of death” was 917
• The number of alcohol related motor vehicle crashes was 3,511
• the number of OWI citations given out was 3,315
• in the year 2010 was a total of 11,621 patients who stayed an average of 3.8 days and
were charged an average amount of $11,304
• Last weekend the Milwaukee Police issued 39 citations for underage drinking,
excessive noise and other violations. A majority of those cited were UWM students
“““”””
Researcher: Ava Wachter
Questions to consider:
1. What types of settings are high school students consuming alcohol in?
2. Is there a parent or guardian present?
3. Is this parent or guardian aware of the drinking that is taking place or unaware?
4. What area of Wisconsin has the highest rate of alcohol consumption amongst
high school students?
5. How many liquor stores are in the areas rated highest for consumption of alcohol
by high school students?
““““““Topic of Research :: Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Target Area :: Wisconsin
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Ava Wachter
““““““Topic of Research :: Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Bibliography.
1. Wisconsin Medical Society. Prevalence of Involuntary Commitment for Alcohol Dependence. http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/_WMS/publications/wmj/pdf/111/2/55.pdf2. Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Alcohol consumption. Wisconsin Epidemiological Pro� le on Alcohol and Other Drug Use. 2010. http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/stats/pdf/alcoholconsumption.pdf3. Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Wisconsin Deaths, 2010. http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/deaths/.
“““”””
“““One in eight older Americans has Alzheimer’s disease. In addition Alzheimer’s disease is
the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States. Between the year 2000 and 2025
the percentage of people with Alzheimer’s will increase 24.1%-31.0%, this is due to
increase in population over the age of 65. In the year 2010, the state of Wisconsin had
a total of 110,000 people with Alzheimer’s disease. The projected number of people
with Alzheimer’s disease in the year 2025 is said to be 130,000. The number of deaths
due to Alzheimer’s amongst all ages in the year 2010 was 2,216. According to a study
in Marsh� eld Wisconsin, conducted by the Marsh� eld clinic, there are connections
between a person’s genes, their environment and Alzheimer’s disease. It was said that
Alzheimer’s disease was shown to be double for smokers compared to non-smokers.
They also concluded that an increased BMI is a high risk factor for dementia.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Ava Wachter
Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““
“““
”””
“ In the year 2010, the state
of Wisconsin had a total
of 110,000 people with
Alzheimer’s disease. The
projected number of people
with Alzheimer’s disease in the
year 2025 is said to be 130,000”
“““”””
“““Researcher: Ava Wachter
Questions to consider:
1. What can we do to prevent dementia and or Alzheimer’s disease?
2. Is there a better chance of a prevention plan in children compared to adults?
3. Are Alzheimer’s and or dementia genetic?
4. What is considered to be more common, Alzheimer’s or dementia?
5. Are there di� erent mental illnesses that are considered to be “under” Alzheimer’s
disease?
6. Does trauma or repressed memory play a role in Alzheimer’s?
7. What other areas of mental or emotional illness contribute to Alzheimer’s disease?
Target Area :: WisconsinTopic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““
“““”””
“““Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Ava Wachter
Bibliography
1. Clinical Medicine & Research, Marsh� eld Clinic. A Pilot Study of Gene/Gene and Gene/Environment, Interactions in Alzheimer Disease. Clinmedres.org
2. Alzheimer’s Association. 2012 Alzheimer’s disease Facts and Figures. http://www.alz.org/downloads/facts_� gures_2012.pdf.
Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““Topic of Research :: Cases of Alzheimer’s and dementia
“““
“““”””
The working conditions at con� ned animal feeding operations are dangerous, unhealthy,
and extreme. Animals are often placed above large pits that store their manure. Harmful
gases are produced by the decomposing manure and contaminates the air that farmers
breathe. The harmful gases include hydrogen sul� de (which cannot be detected by smell
even at high levels), ammonia, carbon dioxide (which both can asphyxiate a person at high
enough concentrations), and methane (which is highly � ammable) along with other irritants,
endotoxins and dust, which come from cell walls of bacteria in the manure. Farmers spend
long hours in these conditions, the substances are harmful to them through chronic (long-
term) exposure at low levels or acute (concentrated) exposure at higher levels. Respiratory
ailments are the most common problems that come with chronic exposure. 25% of all
workers con� ned in animal feeding operations experience chronic bronchitis, and up to 70%
will have acute bronchitis during the year. The long-term exposure to hydrogen sul� de can
cause many problems in the neurological and cardiological systems. Bronchitis, arrhythmias,
and heart attacks are symptoms that are caused by regular inhalation.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Health Issues Concerning Farmers
“““”””
Gases produced from decomposing manure can even be lethal because they are highly
toxic, workers that work near maure storage systems and animal houses are more prone to
this. There is also a serious danger to workers who work near manure storage systems and
animal houses that are improperly ventilated due to either neglect or equipment failure.
Long term e� ects from chemical exposure include poisoning, headache, nausea, skin rashes
and irritation, chemical burns, cancer, birth defects, disease of lungs, liver and kidneys, and
nervous system disorders.
Most farm accidents and fatalities involve machinery. Getting hit, run over, or entangled in
machinery can lead to death or severe injury. In the most recent 5-years, the average was
24.8 fatalities in Wisconsin. Another hazard from machinery is hearing loss which comes from
exposure to loud machinery such as combines, grain dryers/grinders, chain saws, and tractors.
Other hazards farmers face are electric injuries from faulty switches, chords, machinery or
overhead power lines. Heights from falling o� ladders, rooftops, silos, and windmills. The
weather also creates a large impact on a farmers health because of sunburn, heat stroke,
dehydration and hypothermia.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Health Issues Concerning Farmers
“““”””
The Biese Homestead Issues they face:1. Weather - enough rain, growing season, early frost
2. Markets � uctuate with how much crop brought in, drought can a� ect – if
you have a good crop season you get more money, vice versa
3. Insects and weeds – pesticides and herbicides used but they kill o�
honeybees, bees are necessary for pollination
4. Worry about neighbors – don’t like smells, don’t want herbicides drifting into
lot, noise complaints, dust complaints
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Health Issues Concerning Farmers
“““
”””
“25% of all workers con� ned
in animal feeding operations
experience chronic bronchitis,
and up to 70% will have acute
bronchitis during the year”
“““”””
Researcher: Marissa Biese
Questions to consider:1. How can farmers protect themselves from breathing harmful chemicals?
2. Are ventilation systems doing enough to protect workers from the chemicals?
3. What do organic farmers use as an alternative to pesticides, if they use anything at all?
4. What preventative measures are farmers taking to reduce machine accidents?
5. Are farmers taking the necessary precautions to maintain their farms and keep them
up to code?
Target Area :: Wisconsin““““““Topic of Research :: Health Issues Concerning Farmers
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
Bibliography.
Articles :
http://fyi.uwex.edu/agsafety/2011/02/02/896/ - percentages of fatalities in Wisconsin due to tractor/machinery
accidents
http://www.cli� ordlaw.com/news/headlines-in-the-news/dbview?ItemID=19939688 - article of a fatal farm
accident in Wisconsin
http://kstp.com/news/stories/s2596221.shtml - article of a fatal farm accident in Wisconsin
Sources with actual web links :
http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/workers/
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Farm_safety_handling_chemicals
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/youth/agriculture/machinery.html
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/aginjury/ -for information on statistics
““““““Topic of Research :: Health Issues Concerning Farmers
“““”””
Researchers say severe mental illness is more common among college students than it
was a decade ago, with most young people seeking treatment for depression and anxiety.
According to the Mental Health America 10% of college students have been diagnosed with
depression. Often a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors are
involved in the onset of clinical depression. Common stressors in college life include greater
academic demands, being on your own in a new environment, changes in family relations.
Financial responsibilities, changes in social life, exposure to new people, ideas and temptations,
awareness of your sexual identity and orientation, and preparing for life after graduation.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
Common symptoms are sadness, anxiety, fatigue, loss of interest, sleep disturbances, appetite
and weight change, feelings of hopelessness, guilt, thoughts of suicide, di� culty concentrating,
making decisions or remembering, and irritability or excessive crying. Suicide is the second
leading cause of death in college students ages 20 – 24. Teens diagnosed with depression are
� ve times more likely to attempt suicide than adults. With a 5.5% tuition increase a� ording
college is getting further and further away. College students often � nd themselves worrying
about money. For many students, it is their � rst time out in the “real world” and they don’t
exactly have the money-managing skills of their parents. Now they have to � nance (or help
� nance) room and board, � nd money for the increasing tuition and pay their bills on time. The
high cost of tuition also adds extra stress to student’s lives, because they have to worry about
paying o� student loans once they graduate.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
Job loss and unemployment can start a vicious cycle of depression.
Overall, the � nancial strain that resulted from people unemployed leads to a cascade of
negative life events. The researchers found that the chain of adversity - job loss, � nancial strain,
depression, loss of personal control, decreased emotional functioning and declining physical
health – can continue for more than two years.
Wisconsin is the only state in the nation that had “statistically signi� cant” job losses over the
past 12 months, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The state lost 23,900 jobs from
March 2011 to March 2012.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
The states suicide rate continues to rise and is exceeding those of neighboring states. It has
even remained higher than the national rate for about 10 years. There has been a large increase
since the recession began. The loss of employment almost always triggers � nancial stress. When
no money is coming in, � nancial di� culties may hinder someone from the ability to make a car
payment. So the car is retrieved, and this is a negative life event. Without transportation, � nding
new employment may become di� cult, which is another negative life event. So the longer
people remain unemployed, the more � nancial di� culties they are likely to experience. And the
negative life events pile up, one on top of the other.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
In addition, a job loss may also mean the loss of health care bene� ts. This could
make caring for health problems di� cult, putting additional stress on � nances and
relationships. Even after a person has found a new job, depression may persist.
According to an article by Dr. Shelley Narula, when people � nd new jobs, they are
concerned about losing them. They are scared that they might have to go through
the whole process again and the next time, the situation could be worse due to their
advancing age and they probably might be missing out on the needed skills.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““
”””
Wisconsin is the only state in
the nation that had “statistically
signi� cant” job losses over the
past 12 months, according to the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The state lost 23,900 jobs from
March 2011 to March 2012.
“““”””
Researcher: Marissa Biese
Questions to consider:
1. How easy is it to get help and seek services?
2. What are alternatives to treating depression aside from medicine?
3. What activities � ght against depression?
4. What are schools doing to prevent depression among their students?
5. What are ways to decrease school expenses?
6. What are ways to build con� dence during job loss?
Target Area :: Wisconsin““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Marissa Biese
Bibliography.Articles:http://www.fox21online.com/content/high-school-students-putting-comedy-show-� ght-depression -article on students making a di� erencehttp://www.jsonline.com/news/education/uw-system-regents-approve-a-55-tuition-hike-cl5mqh4-157857585.html - article on 5.5% tuition hikehttp://www.fox11online.com/dpp/news/wisconsin/university-of-wisconsin-system-wants-5-point-5-percent-tuition-increase-for-2012-13-school-year - proposed tuition rates after 5.5% hike again
Sources with actual web links:http://www.wimentalhealth.org/lifespan/young_adults/college.phphttp://www.wimentalhealth.org/disorders/mood_disorders/depression.phphttp://psychcentral.com/lib/2008/depression-and-anxiety-among-college-students/all/1/http://www.nmha.org/index.cfm?objectid=C7DF950F-1372-4D20-C8B5BD8DFDD94CF1http://www.wisconsinwatch.org/2010/02/21/wisconsin-suicide-toll-rises-exceeds-rates-of-neighboring-states/ - statistics on rising suicide rateshttp://www.jsonline.com/business/state-posts-largest-percentage-job-loss-in-us-over-past-year-report-shows-ib54utt-148694855.html - wisconsin job loss statshttp://www.ohe.state.mn.us/sPagesOHE/TuitionChart.cfm?State=WI&pageID=654&1534-D83A_1933715A=0a1c324f425c7807b6ca7be01455dfcd83fd33c8 - a list of Wisconsin tuition and feeshttp://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&ved=0CGQQFjAJ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fheab.state.wi.us%2Fdocs%2Fcommission%2Ftuition-increase-corrected-0724.pdf&ei=BytRUOdVqubRAeC2gYgN&usg=AFQjCNHIxaPSIMi49HNUB5j9r6xsz6jGVA - tuition rate percentage pdfhttp://www.steadyhealth.com/articles/Job_Loss_May_Cause_Long_Lasting_Depression_a813.html
BIBLIOGRAPHY
“Father and Son Die in Manure Pond.” Workers, Farm Worker Safety. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2012. <http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/workers/>.
“Farm Safety - Handling Agrichemicals.” Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Sept. 2012. <http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Farm_safety_handling_chemicals>.
““““““Topic of Research :: Depression
“““”””
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Air Pollution
Summary of Air pollution in Wisconsin
The state of Wisconsin ranks 21st in the US with health risks from air pollutants, and emits more than 1.8 million tons of
carbon monoxide each year. The most common sources of air pollutants in Wisconsin are electric power plants, motor
vehicles, industrial processes, o� -road equipment, road dust, and wood-burning stoves, according to the EPA. There
are many health risks due to poor air quality including premature death from heart or lung disease from exposure to
� ne particles of pollution, as well as decreased lung function, aggravated asthma, development of chronic bronchitis,
irregular heartbeat, and nonfatal heart attacks according to recent health studies. In 2009 the Department of Health
Services reported that there were a total of 5,356 hospitalizations in Wisconsin for which asthma was the principal
diagnosis, costing an average of $11,791 per hospitalization. In a broader sense of the subject, more than 4 out of 10
people living in the U.S. live in counties that have unhealthful levels of either ozone or particle pollution states.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
“““”””
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Air Pollution
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Largest sources of Air Pollution
in Wisconsin • Electric power plants • Motor Vehicles • Industrial Processes • O� -Road Equipment • Road Dust • Wood Burning Stoves
“““”””
“““““““““Topic of Research :: Air Pollution
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
• Decreased lung function • Aggravated Asthma • Chronic Bronchitis • Irregular Hearbeat • Nonfatal Heart attacks...
...all caused by poor air qualityResearcher: Stephanie Fisher
“““
”””
“More than 5,000
young people are
hospitalized every
year in Wisconsin
with asthma.” - DHS 2009
Air Quality advisories have been issued
in local counties as recent as August
25 2012. These advisories issued due to elevated
levels of ground level ozone. That is formed when
pollution from power plans, factories and vehicle tailpipes
chemically reacts with hot temperatures, high humidity
and atmospheric stagnation - EPA
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Topic of Research :: Air PollutionTarget Area :: Wisconsin
Topic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air Pollution
Questions to consider:
How can we prevent hazardous chemical emissions from businesses?
What can we do to further educate young children on the subject?
Is there anyway to find more funding for up to date research on the subject?
Nationally how can we give aid to those suffering from extreme air pollution?
Is there a device one could wear to prevent inhalation of air bound chemicals?
Where do we see air pollution going, will it ever end or will it get worse?
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Topic of Research :: Air PollutionTarget Area :: Wisconsin
Topic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air Pollution
Sources:
Air Quality, Asthma, and fact sheets - http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/hometips/dhp/air.htm
Air quality fact sheet -http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/hometips/dhp/HealthyHomes-AirQuality.pdf
Air issues fact sheet http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/Air/index.htm
Burden of Asthma in Wisconsin http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/asthma/pdf/BOAWI_2007.PDF
Asthma Resources http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/Asthma/index.htm
Air quality advisories - http://www.jsonline.com/news/wisconsin/air-qualify-advisory-in-effect-until-1-am-sunday-8e6kel4-167450275.html
Businesses not complying with clean air regulations - http://www.jsonline.com/news/wisconsin/84828602.html
Air pollution ranking -
http://www.americashealthrankings.org/WI/pm25/2011
http://scorecard.goodguide.com/index.tcl
http://scorecard.goodguide.com/env-releases/hap/rank-states.tcl
http://scorecard.goodguide.com/env-releases/hap/state.tcl?fips_state_code=55#rankings
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Target Area :: WisconsinTopic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air PollutionTopic of Research :: Air Pollution
“““”””
“““Summary of Water pollution in Wisconsin
According to National Geographic more than 700 of Wisconsin’s lakes, streams, and
rivers are polluted. The cause for this pollution is due to damaged ecosystems, and
� sh kills. The main toxic chemical found in Wisconsin’s bodies of water is mercury,
however it is nutrient pollution that is the cause of � sh kills. At high levels nutrients
can be deadly. The primary source for pollution is water runo� , which contains
pollutants from the surrounding areas.
Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““
“““”””
“““Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Common forms of water pollution
• Animal Waste • Household Chemicals • Industrial Runo� • Sewage • Trash • Landscaping Chemicals
Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““
“““”””
“““Target Area :: Wisconsin
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
• Vomiting or diarrhea• A sick stomach• Skin rashes• Cancer• Reproductive problems• Developmental problems
...all caused by poor water qualityResearcher: Stephanie Fisher
Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
“““Topic of Research :: Water Pollution
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Questions to consider:
Where is the most concentrated area of water pollution in the U.S?
How can we provide international aid for water projects as a college student?
Is water pollution something we can prevent using cost efficient methods?
What kind of community group could be created to further advances of the clean water act.
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Topic of Research :: Water PollutionTarget Area :: Wisconsin
Topic of Research :: Water PollutionTopic of Research :: Water PollutionTopic of Research :: Water Pollution
Sources:
1. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources: Impaired Waters List
2. United States Environmental Protection Agency: Wisconsin Bass
Lake
3. United States Environmental Protection Agency: Controlling
Nonpoint Source Runoff Pollution from Roads, Highways and Bridges
4. Wisconsin Lakes: Polluted Runoff
Researcher: Stephanie Fisher
Target Area :: WisconsinTopic of Research :: Water PollutionTopic of Research :: Water PollutionTopic of Research :: Water PollutionTopic of Research :: Water Pollution