1. What were the effects of Prohibition on society?

2. What issues of religion were at the core of the Scopes Trial?

3. How did racial tensions change after WWI?

• 18th Amendment— “…the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.”

Goals of Prohibition: 1. Eliminate drunkenness 2. Get rid of saloons 3. Prevent absenteeism & accidents Volstead Act—Gave states the power to enforce the 18th Amendment; largely ignored

% of people obeying 18th Amendment varied

• Bootlegging-

• Speakeasies-

• How did speakeasies avoid being busted?

Competition of rival groups within cities Increasing violence “Racketeering”—Bribing police, scaring businesses/citizens, etc.

• Al Capone-• AKA “Scarface”• Wealthy• Caught by FBI on tax evasion charge• St. Valentine’s Day Massacre, 1929

Teaching of evolution created problems

Fundamentalism- Scopes Trial- Mass media coverage Bryan put on stand as “Bible expert” Bryan died just a few days after the trial

Clash of traditional values and modern beliefs

Summer of 1919, “Red Summer” Race riots in Omaha, Tulsa, Chicago, Washington 38 deaths & 537 injuries in Chicago

Lynchings continued

Year Black White Total

1885 74 110 184

1890 85 11 96

1895 113 66 179

1900 106 9 115

1905 57 5 62

1910 67 9 76

1915 56 13 69

1920 53 8 61

1925 17 0 17

1930 20 1 21

Re-emergence in 1915 Birth of a Nation

Used as recruiting tool by KKK 1st motion picture to be shown at White House

100K members by 1922; 4 million by 1924

In North & South alike; Indiana had highest membership

Opposed African Americans, Jews, Catholics, immigrants, the “new woman” of the 1920s, and bootlegging

http://chnm.gmu.edu/episodes/the-birth-of-a-nation-and-black-protest/

NAACP worked to end lynching & protect voting rights # of lynchings decreased Voter discrimination continued

Garvey Movement- Universal Negro Improvement Association

Encouraged African Americans to move to “Motherland Africa”

Garvey jailed on fraud charges in 1925; UNIA collapsed