Part of Made in India,Design Innovation

Workshop,2015

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PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON

FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER

A  Full  wave  bridge  recAfier  is  an  electrical  circuit  where  four  diodes  are  arranged  in  the  form  of  a  bridge.  It  converts  a  household  AC  signal  into  a  DC  signal.  It  has  various  other  applicaAons  like  it  detects  the  amplitude  of  a  modulated  radio  signal  and  is  also  used  to  supply  polarized  voltage  in  welding.

In  this  project,  a  full  wave  bridge  recAfier  is  made  using  a  breadboard,  one  transformer  (12  V  AC),  one  resistor,  four  diodes  and  a  few  connecAng  wires.  The  connecAons  are  made  such  that  a  bridge  type  arrangement  of  the  four  diodes  is  made.  ARer  the  compleAon  of  the  circuit,  the  transformer  is  connected  to  a  220V  AC  source  and  the  power  supply  is  switched  ON.  The  ‘path  of  current’  analysis  was  done  in  the  posiAve  and  negaAve  half  cycles  of  the  input  voltage.  The  

stepped  down  input  AC  voltage  was  calculated  across  the  points  where  the  output  wires  of  the  transformer  were  connected.  The  voltage  across  the  load  resistor  was  also  measured,  this  voltage  is  the  recAfied  output  DC  voltage  (VO)  produced  by  the  bridge  recAfier.  The  output  voltage  was  calculated  theoreAcally  using  KVL  (Kirchhoff’s  voltage  law)  by  using  the  ideal  voltage  drop  across  the  diodes  and  the  input  voltage.  Both  the  voltages  values  were  compared  and  the  relaAve  error  was  calculated.

Since  this  bridge  type  arrangement  produces  a  posiAve  voltage  output  during  both  the  posiAve  and  negaAve  half  cycles  of  the  AC  signal,  it  is  called  a  bridge-­‐wave  recAfier,  and  the  process  is  called  full-­‐wave  recAficaAon.

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