1. DRUG ABSORPTIONTeam Kester 2. What is the process by which drugs aretransferred from the site of entry into thebody to the bloodstream? 3. Age Groups Neonate- birth to 1year of agePediatric- 1 to 17years of ageGeriatric- 65 yearsold and up 4. What Factors Affect Absorption? Vehicle administration of drug Food and fluid taken with drug Properties/formulation of drug Rate of blood flow Stomach acidity GI mobility 5. Vehicle Administration of Drug Enteral (oral, buccal, rectal) Parenteral (Intravenous- fastest delivery, intramuscular, subcutaneous) Topical (skin, lungs, vagina, ears, nose, eyes) 6. Enteral In geriatric patients, oral medications are often taken with food to assist with administration 7. Parenteral In pediatric patients, intramuscular injectionsare avoided due to tissue damage In neonate patients, intramuscular absorption iserratic due to lack of muscle and fat tissue 8. Topical In neonate patients, topical medications areabsorbed faster because their skin is very thingand they have a large body surface area In pediatric patients, skin disruptions such asburns and eczema increase absorption 9. Frequent feeding of infants impedes drugabsorption. 10. Physicochemical Properties/DosageForm of Drug Liquid and syrups offer a faster deliveryof drugs than enteric-coated tablets Lipid solubility, molecular weight andpolarity 11. Rate of Blood Flow In geriatric patients, reduced bloodflow to GI tract In neonate patients, decreasedrenal blood flow In pediatric patients, diminishedmuscle mass may reduce bloodflow 12. Stomach Acidity In neonate patients, variablegastric pH leads to diminishedabsorption In pediatric patients, gastric pH isless acidic In geriatric patients, gastric acidsecretin is decreased 13. Gastrointestinal Mobility In neonate patients, prolongedgastric transit time leads todiminished absorption Gastric emptying rates are faster forpediatric patients than in neonates In geriatric patients, gastricemptying time is increased 14. Why does a nurse need to knowabout absorption? They do not To know which route of drug administration to use Both B and D To make sure medications are given safely All of the above 15. What Difference Does Absorption Make inPatient Care Provides higher quality health care Deliver the right medication in the right dosage to the right patient type. Improves patients experiences They are getting the correct drug in the correct form in the correct dosage Increases efficiency The correct drug is going to the correct patient (hopefully without human error) 16. Credits RN, Carol Taylor, CSFN, MSN, PhD Carol Lillis RN, MSN Priscilla LeMone RN, DSN, FAAN Pamela Lynn RN, . Fundamentals of Nursing, 7th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.