Welcome To My Presentation

Subject : Textile Raw material

Presentation Topic : Petroleum

Presentation Date : 02 -12-2014

Group : B

ID :143-23-4048

What is petroleum?• Petroleum: A general term for all

naturally occurring hydrocarbons (hydrogen + carbon)

• Solid Hydrocarbons: Asphalt• Liquid Hydrocarbons: Crude oil • Gas Hydrocarbons: Natural Gas:

methane, butane, propane, etc.

Classification Of Petroleum

• Paraffin Base • Asphalt Or Naphthene Base• Intermediate Base

Where Does Petroleum Come From

• Petroleum comes from the ground and we transport it to refineries

Petroleum is a naturally occurring ,flammable liquid, that are found in geologic formations beneath the earth's surface.

How is petroleum formed?

Petroleum Refining

GAS

LIGHT NAPHTHA

HEAVY NAPHTHA

KEROSENE

ATM. GAS OIL

RESIDUUM

CRUDE DESALTER FURNACE

C1-C4

bp < 50 oF

C5 - C?

bp 50-200oF

C? - C12

bp 200-400oF

C12 - C16

bp 400-500oF

C15 - C18

bp 500-650oC

> C20

bp >650oF

TOWER

Distillation – separation by boiling point

Distillation of PetroleumOil is extracted from the ground as crude oil.

It is then refined in a distillation tower that is divided into a series of collecting trays at different temperature conditions.

The crude oil is boiled to produce vapour.

The vapour is allowed to diffuse up the tower to cool and condense at different temperatures (lightest compounds will have lowest boiling temps).

The different components of crude oil can therefore be separated.

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