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●The comparative will modify verbs that compare the actions of two items.earlier, farther

● The superlative will modify verbs that compare the actions of three or more items.earliest, farthest …

□ An adverb gives us information about the verb□ Adverbs tell us WHERE – WHEN – HOW something happens

adjectiveadverb

QUICK + LY = QUICKLY

I was born an

with a –ly I can become an

UNIT 20 - Comparatives & Superlatives AdverbsINTRUDUCTION

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PETby Matifmarin.

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETUNIT 20 - Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs

ADVERBS CAN modify

1. VERBS

She speaks English WELL

HOW?- manner -

We ALWAYS go to school.

HOW OFTEN?

- frequency-

They come EARLY

WHEN?- time -

He waits OUTSIDE WHERE?

- place -

2. ADJECTIVES The house is VERY big.

3. another ADVERB The student speaks

English QUITE well.

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PETby Matifmarin.

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Comparatives & Superlatives AdverbsRULES: □ Adverbs of ONE syllable usually form the comparative by adding -er and form the superlative by adding -esthard (positive) - harder (comparative) - (hardest) superlative

□ add -er or -est to short adverbs:Positive Comparative Superlativehard harder the hardestlate later the latestfast faster the fastest

Examples:- Mary works harder than Peter.- All horses in the race ran fast, but the black horse ran the fastest of all.

□ Adverbs of TWO or MORE syllables generally form the comparative by adding "more" and the superlative by adding "most" quickly (positive) - more quickly (comparative) - the most quickly (superlative)

e.g.: Peter runs quickly (positive), Sara runs more quickly (comparative) but John runs the most quickly (superlative)Positive Comparative Superlativeslowly more slowly the most slowlyquietly more quietly the most quietlyseriously more seriously the most seriously

Watch out!! There are exceptions. The irregular adverbs:Positive comparative superlativebadly worse the worstwell better the bestfar farther the farthestlittle less the least

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PETby Matifmarin.

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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs

The dogs runs ________ .quicklyMy granny drives very __________.carefully She always dresses___________ .beautifully

He smile _________. happilly

Ready for some practice?!!

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PETby Matifmarin.

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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs

□ Fill in the gaps with the correct form: adjective or adverb.

1. The story ended _________ . (sad)

2. The novel had a _________ ending. (happy)

3. Her mother ask her to drive ____________ .(careful)

4. The students study _________ for their exam. (hard)

5. The reported described the accident ________ (dramatic)

6. They boy was very ________ and he ate the sandwich ______ .(hungry)

7. It was a _____ flight; the plane flew __________ to New York. (direct)

8. Peter is considered a ______ runner; he can run very _______ .(fast)

9. I like _________ children; those who behave ________. (polite)

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PETby Matifmarin.

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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs

End Gradation of adverbsEnd Gradation of adverbs End Gradation of adverbsEnd Gradation of adverbs

ANSWERANSWER

1. sadly2. happily 3. carefully4. hard (hard is both and adj. and an adv.) !! hardly = barely / almost not.

5. dramatically6. hungry / hungrily7. direct / directly 8. fast / fast (fast is both and adj. and an adv.)

9. polite / politely

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FCEby Matifmarin.

(a) She is So pretty(b) She is such a pretty girl

(a) So + Adjective → "This test is so hard." (= very hard)

(b) such + adjective + noun → Lisa is such a beautiful woman . (NO "a" with uncountable nouns) I don't want to swim in such dirty water.

Exception: so + [many/much/few/little] noun

"So" can come before a noun IF the adjectives many/much/few/little also come before the noun.

Examples:"There are so many balloons!" (balloons = countable noun, so we use "many")

"Mike drank so much beer." (beer = uncountable noun, so we use "much")

"He has so few friends." (friends = countable noun, so we use "few")

"We have so little time." (time = uncountable noun, so we use "little")

PETby Matifmarin.

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UNIT 20 - So and Such

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PETby Matifmarin.

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET

UNIT 20 - So and Such

□ Fill in the gaps with SO or SUCH. 1. They had ________ a bad night that they couldn't sleep. 2. He was very grateful to her because she had been _______ nice to him. 3. I'm having ________ a great time here in London. 4. It was ________ cold and rainy that the children had to stay in the house all day. 5. We had ________ fantastic weather that everybody went to the beach for the day. 6. There are ________ good programs on TV nowadays. 7. There are ________ few good programs on TV nowadays. 8. My house has ________ a great view that I never go out. 9. It was _________ dark that I couldn't see anything. 10. This exercise was _________ easy that I don't need to check my answers.

I have such an angry boss; he makes me so angry that I could kill him!

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PETby Matifmarin.

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UNIT 20 - So and Such

1. such2. so 3. such4. so5. such6. such7. so8. such9. so10. so

ANSWERANSWER

End So & SuchEnd So & Such End So & SuchEnd So & Such

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PETby Matifmarin.

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UNIT 20 - CONNECTORSCONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS

□ We use connectors to express logical relationships between sentences, clauses and/or paragraphs.

(1) Additional information: and, furthermore, moreover, in addition to, next, then, besides

(2) Reason: because, because of, due to, owing to, as, since, therefore, that’s why

(3) Contrast: on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, although, yet, but, while, whereas

(4) Concession: (even) though, anyway, however, nevertheless, in any case, in spite of that, despite

(5) Purpose: in order to, so that

(6) Result/Consequence: consequently, as a result, therefore, so, thus

(7) Giving example: for example, for instance

REMEMBER that there are many more connectors/linking words.

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PETby Matifmarin.

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UNIT 20 - CONNECTORSCONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS

The grandfather sleeps and the granddaughter reads He is sleeping while she is reading

□ Can you translate the following connector into your language?

And __________But __________Because __________Because of ___________Thus ___________Even though ___________Though ____________When ____________While ____________

First of all ___________Firstly ___________On the one hand ___________On the other hand ___________Eventually ___________Moreover ___________Along with ____________In order to ____________So that ____________

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PETby Matifmarin.

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET

UNIT 20 - CONNECTORSCONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS

SUGGESTED ANSWERS IN SPANISH:SUGGESTED ANSWERS IN SPANISH:

And YBut PEROBecause PORQUEBecause of A CAUSA DEThus POR LO TANTOEven though AUNQUEThough SIN EMBARGOWhen CUANDOWhile MIENTRAS

First of all ANTE TODOFirstly PRIMERAMENTEOn the one hand POR UN LADOOn the other hand POR OTRO LADOEventually FINALMENTEMoreover ADEMÁS Along with JUNTO CONIn order to CON EL FIN DE So that PARA

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PETby Matifmarin.

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETUNIT 20 - CONNECTORS

1. Mary likes to go for a walk ______ to swim in the see ______ the weather is good.

2. We can paint our flat white _____ yellow _____ we must select a good painter.

3. Sara is intelligent. _____ , she is lazy. She must start working harder _____ she will regret it.

4. I left the party _______ I was bored, ______ it was quite late.

5. He was sad _____ tired _______ being very hungry.

6. Their children ______ watch TV _____ sleep on Sundays.

7. I met by friend in the park ______ invited her to tea.

8. Students must study ________ they may fail.

9. Anne isn't very intelligent. _______, she managed to pass all her exams.

10. _________ it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holidays

though - and / when - or - or / but - and / along with - and however - either / or - however / or - because / moreover

Practice: □ Choose the suitable connector/s from the box and fill in the gaps to complete the sentences.

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PETby Matifmarin.

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End unit 20End unit 20 End unit 20End unit 20

UNIT 20 - CONNECTORSCONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS

Practice: 1. and / when2. or / but3. However / or 4. because / moreover5. and / along with 6. either / or 7. and 8. or 9. However10. Though

ANSWERANSWER