Upload
tufail-ahmed
View
240
Download
3
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Gathering Performance Information:Overview
• Appraisal Forms• Characteristics of Appraisal Forms• Determining Overall Rating• Appraisal Period and Number of Meetings• Who Should Provide Performance Information?• A Model of Rater Motivation• Preventing Rating Distortion through Rater
Training Programs
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Major Components of Appraisal Forms (1)
• Basic Employee Information
• Accountabilities, Objectives, and Standards
• Competencies and Indicators
• Major Achievements and Contributions
• Stakeholder Input
• Employee Comments
• Signatures
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Major Components of Appraisal Forms (2) (could be included in a separate form)
• Developmental Achievements• Developmental
– Needs – Plans– Goals
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Desirable Features for All Appraisal Forms
1. Simplicity2. Relevancy3. Descriptiveness4. Adaptability
1. Comprehensiveness2. Definitional Clarity3. Communication4. Time Orientation
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Determining Overall Rating
• Judgmental strategy
• Mechanical strategy
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Appraisal period
Number of Meetings• Annual • Semi-annual • Quarterly
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
When Review Is Completed
• Anniversary date– Supervisor doesn’t have to fill out forms at same
time– Can’t tie rewards to fiscal year
• Fiscal year– Rewards tied to fiscal year– Goals tied to corporate goals– May be burden to supervisor, depending on
implementation
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
6 Types of Formal Meetings (can be combined)
• System Inauguration• Self-Appraisal• Classical Performance Review• Merit/Salary Review• Development Plan• Objective Setting
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Who Should Provide Performance Information?
Employees should be involved in selecting• Which sources evaluate• Which performance dimensions
When employees are actively involved• Higher acceptance of results• Perception that system is fair
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Who Should Provide Performance Information?
Direct knowledge of employee performance
• Supervisors• Peers• Subordinates• Self• Customers
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Supervisors
• Advantages– Best position to evaluate performance vs.
strategic goals– Make decisions about rewards
• Disadvantages– Supervisor may not be able to directly observe
performance– Evaluations may be biased
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Peers
• Advantages– Assess teamwork
• Disadvantages– Possible friendship bias– May be less discriminating
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Subordinates
• Advantages– Accurate when used for developmental
purposes– Good position to assess some competencies
• Disadvantages– Inflated when used for administrative purposes– May fear retaliation (confidentiality is key)
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Self
• Advantages– Increased acceptance of decisions– Decreased defensiveness during appraisal
interview– Good position to track activities during review
period• Disadvantages
– May be more lenient and biased
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Customers (external and internal)
• Advantages– Employees become more focused on
meeting customer expectations• Disadvantages
– Time– Money
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Disagreement Across Sources
• Expect disagreement• Ensure employee receives feedback by
source• Assign differential weights to scores by
source, depending on importance
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Types of Rating Errors
• Intentional errors– Rating inflation– Rating deflation
• Unintentional errors– Due to complexity of task
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Expected Positive and Negative Consequences
of Rating Accuracy
Probability of Experiencing Positive & Negative Consequences
Expected Positive and Negative Consequences
of Rating Distortion
Probability of Experiencing Positive & Negative Consequences
Motivation to Provide Accurate Ratings
Motivation to Distort Ratings
Rating Behavior
A Model of Rater Motivation
Motivations for Rating Inflation
• Maximize merit raise/rewards• Encourage employees• Avoid creating written record• Avoid confrontation with employees• Promote undesired employees out of unit• Make manager look good to his/her
supervisor
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Motivations for Rating Deflation
• Shock employees• Teach a lesson• Send a message to employee • Build a written record of poor
performance
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Prevent Rating Distortion through Rater Training Programs
Rater Training Programs should cover:
• Information• Motivation• Identifying, observing, recording and
evaluating performance• How to interact with employees when
they receive performance information
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Information - how the system works
• Reasons for implementing the performance management system
• Information on the appraisal form and system mechanics
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Motivation – What’s in it for me?
• Benefits of providing accurate ratings• Tools for providing accurate ratings
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
Identifying, observing, recording, and evaluating performance
• How to identify and rank job activities• How to observe, record, measure
performance• How to minimize rating errors
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006
How to interact with employees when they receive performance information
• How to conduct an appraisal interview• How to train, counsel, and coach
Prentice Hall, Inc. © 2006