Part I: Pre-roman Republic

Notes on Rome: Divided into 5 parts Part I: Roman Monarchy (Tarquin)

Part II: Roman Republic

Part III: Roman Empire

Part IV: Decline and Collapse of Rome

Part V: Roman Achievements

Part I: Roman Monarchy (Tarquin)6-2.3: Describe the development of Roman civilization, including language, government, architecture, and engineering.

6-2.4: Describe the expansion and transition of the Roman government from monarchy to republic to empire, including the roles of Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar (Octavius).

I. Significance of Rome's Geographic Location A. Rome is located in the current country of Italy. B. It is located on a narrowpeninsula, land covered on three sides by water. 1. Enemies had a difficult time invading on such a narrow piece of land. C. The Alps Mountains are to the north 1. The Alps Mountains provided protection from the north.

Alps Mountains

I. Significance of Rome's Geographic Location Continued D. TheMediterraneanSeais to the south. 1. Significance of theMediterraneanSea a. It protected Rome from invasion from other lands. b. Allowed Rome to develop a large trade network with other nations on theMediterraneanSea. c. Rome eventually conquered the lands along theMediterraneanSea.

AfricaEuropeRomeAsiaMediterranean Sea

II. Latins(753 BC) A. The original settlers of Rome were the Latins. B. The language of the Latins became the language of the Romans calledLatin. C. Latin is the basis of theRomance Languages- Languages ofItalian, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Romanian. 1.The languages are classified as Romance because of similarities in structure and vocabulary.

II. Latins(753 BC) D. English came from Germanic languages. However we use many Latin terms in our vocabulary. 1. In Medicine - orthodontics, infection, rigor mortis (stiffness of the body at death) 2. In Law - in loco parentis (in place of the parent); veto (the power of a president or governor to prevent a law) 3. In Science - Homo Sapien (scientific name for humans),Canis lupus familiari (scientific name for dog)4. Teen Literature - Panem (bread in Latin), name of the country fromThe Hunger Gamesseries.a. Panem et Circenses (bread and circuses), Chapter 16Mockingjay- The districts provide the Capitol "bread and Circuses."5. Others - et cetera (etc.), curriculum (courses offered by a school), circus

III. Etruscans(600 BC) A. The Etruscans were from the north of Rome and conquered the city. B. Under the Etruscans, Rome grew in power and importance. C. The Etruscans built large temples for the gods and publics works including a large sewer called the Cloaca Maxima, still in use today. D. Due to trade, Rome became the wealthiest city in all of Italy.

IV. Etruscan Monarchy A. The Etruscans were ruled by a family ofmonarchscalled theTarquins.(Monarch - A government ruled by a king or queen.) B. The last of the Tarquin monarchs ruled as atyranny.Absolute power of one ruler that is often cruel. C. The Romans did not like being ruled by a tyrant so they overthrew the monarchy. D. They set up their own government called arepublic-A form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws and the head of the state is not a monarch.E. NO ROMAN OR ITALIAN USED THE TITLE KING OR QUEEN AGAIN!!!