Paris Agreement and the NAP

process

Global Capacity Development Workshop: Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans

5-7 April 2016, Rome, Italy

Adaptation milestones under the Convention

Adaptation under the Agreement (Article 7)

Global goal on adaptation

• Enhancing adaptive capacity

• Strengthening resilience

• Reducing vulnerability to climate change

• Sustainable development

• Global average temperature to well below 2°C

Recognition of adaptation efforts of developing country Parties

• To also be considered under the global stocktake

Adaptation communications

To include

• Priorities

• Implementation and support needs

• Plans and actions

Link to disaster risk reduction

• Parties recognize that pursuing efforts towards 1.5°C would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change

Global stocktake

• To recognize adaptation efforts

• Enhance implementation of adaptation

• Review adequacy and effectiveness of adaptation and support

• Review progress in achieving the global goal on adaptation

Recent developments on adaptation from COP 21

19/CP.21 – LDC matters/LEG

Extension of LEG mandate under current

terms of reference

Additional elements to be addressed by the

LEG

Next review of the work of the LEG in 2020

4/CP.21 – NAPs

Countries to submit NAPs through NAP

Central

LEG, AC to provide info to developing countries on accessing funding

from the GCF for NAPs

Review of progress made on NAPs in 2018

1/CP.21 – Adoption of

the PA

Contains mandates to the AC and the LEG work to give effect to

the Agreement

Technical examination process on adaptation

(TEP-A)

Request to GCF to expedite support for formulation of NAPs,

and implementation of policies, projects and

programmes

AC, NWP and loss and damage

Review of the work of the AC in 2016

A focus on NAPs

National adaptation plans

Established under the CAF (decision 1/CP.16, paras 15 to 18)

As a process to enable LDCs to formulate and implement NAPs,

building upon their experience in preparing and implementing NAPAs,

as a means of identifying medium- and long-term adaptation needs

and developing and implementing strategies and programmes to

address those needs. Other developing country Parties are invited to

employ the modalities formulated to support the NAPs.

Objectives of the NAP process (decision 5/CP.17) are:

a) To reduce vulnerability to the impacts of climate change, by

building adaptive capacity and resilience;

b) To facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation,

in a coherent manner, into relevant new and existing policies,

programmes and activities, in particular development planning

processes and strategies, within all relevant sectors and at

different levels, as appropriate.

Global goal on adaptation

…enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening

resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate

change, with a view to contributing to sustainable

development and ensuring an adequate adaptation

response in the context of the temperature goal.

Technical guidelines for the NAP process

Laying the

Groundwork

and addressing

gaps

Preparatory

elements

Implementation

strategies

Reporting,

Monitoring,

Review

A.1. Initiating the NAP process

A.2.: Stocktaking

A.3.: Addressing Capacity Gaps

A.4.: Development Needs and Climate

Vulnerabilities

B.1. Analysing Current & Future Climate

B.2. Assessing Climate Vulnerabilities and

Adaptation Options

B.3. Review and Appraisal of Options

B.4. Compiling, Communicating NAPs

B.5.Integrating NAP into Development, Planning

C.1. Prioritizing CCA in National Planning

C.2. Long-term Implementation Strategy

C.3. Enhancing Capacity for Planning,

Implementation

C.4. Promoting Coordination and Synergy

D.1. Monitoring the NAP Process

D.2. Assess Progress, Effectiveness, Gaps

D.3. Iteratively Update NAPs

D.4. Outreach and Reporting on Progress

Note: The figure shows steps and their outputs (in blue) that act as inputs for subsequent steps.

Abbreviations: M&E = monitoring and evaluation, NAP = national adaptation plan.

Sample process to formulate and implement a national adaptation plan

The Development-Centred approach to formulating a NAP

Adaptation development themes as a way to align adaptation with development

The LEG developed the following cross-cutting themes under the Step by Step Guide for

NAPAs as a way to capture main areas for adaptation assessment:

1.Agriculture and food security: Achieve and safeguard food security

2.Water Resources: Achieve and safeguard water security and sanitation

3.Physical Safety: Protecting life and property against climatic extremes and disasters

including along low-lying and coastal areas

4.Protecting livelihoods and enhancing adaptive capacity

5.Climate-proofing major components of national economies and sustainable development

(Climate-proofing the socio-economic growth engine)

6.Supporting and enhancing Human Health and Safety

7.Protecting and enhancing ecosystem structure and function for sustainable provision of

Ecosystem Goods and Services including land use

8.Climate-proofing renewable Energy Sources and Supplies

9.Protecting and preserving Cultural Values and Cultural Systems

10.Protecting and improving the design of critical Infrastructure and Land Use Planning

Flow diagram – example from a typical NAP workshop

Elements from Paris Outcome with specific links to NAPs

• Clear link to funding - The COP requested the Green Climate

Fund to expedite support for the least developed countries and

other developing country Parties for the formulation of national

adaptation plans, consistent with decisions 1/CP.16 and 5/CP.17,

and for the subsequent implementation of policies, projects and

programmes identified by them; (paragraph 47, Decision 1/CP.21)

• Global adaptation goal coherent with objectives of NAP process

• Link to sustainable development goals through objective b of

the process (integration)

• Global temperature goal of <2C

• implication on assessment, instead of focusing on a full

range of scenarios

• More of a policy directive and not to be confused with the

view of the scientists

Available support for NAPs

I. Technical support

– The LDC Expert Group (LEG)

– The Adaptation Committee

– Global support programmes

– Global/regional networks and centres

II. Financial support

– The Global Environment Facility (GEF) through the LDCF

and SCCF

– The Green Climate Fund (GCF) through the readiness and

the projects and programmes stream

– Funding from bilateral and multilateral agencies

LEG Support

Vision for adaptation in the LDCs with the supporting role of the

LEG

By 2020 the LDCs have achieved demonstrable results towards building

adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to

climate change – they have formulated robust/quality National Adaptation

Plans and are implementing priority adaptation needs identified by them

with funding from the GCF, and other sources, and they have a well-

structured adaptation planning process in place

Impacts reflecting long-term success of the work of the LEG in supporting adaptation in the LDCs: 1/2

• Policy makers in the LDCs are motivated to take steps towards the

achievement of the global adaptation goal through National Adaptation

Plans by 2018-20 as they implement the Paris Agreement

• LDCs have put in place the essential functions (structures and

systems) at national levels for ensuring a successful process to

formulate and implement NAPs

• The process established to underpin the formulation and

implementation of National Adaptation Plans is functioning smoothly

and contributing to the iterative identification of adaptation needs and

options and is supporting successful implementation of adaptation

actions

• National Adaptation Plans are formulated by 2018 and latest 2020

Impacts reflecting long-term success of the work of the LEG in supporting adaptation in the LDCs: 2/2

• The LDCs are accessing GCF support for the formulation of NAPs

before end of 2016

• Implementation of concrete adaptation actions identified through the

NAPs, designed to reduce vulnerability, strengthen resilience and build

adaptive capacity, are being implemented through GCF support upon

completion of the NAPs

• All remaining NAPA projects are successfully implemented by 2020, or

revised/updated and integrated into the NAP

• Activities at different scales and levels are internally coherent and

complementing each other

• Adaptation strategies and actions are well integrated with national

development efforts including in the context of Agenda 2030

Desired actions and approaches undertaken to support major milestones arising from unpacking the impacts

• Methods are developed and being applied to integrate adaptation actions across scales and sectors in a seamless adaptation response, taking a development-centered approach, including integration and synergy with efforts to achieve the SDGs

• LDCs are supported to formulate NAPs by 2018 and to implement policies, programmes and projects from the NAPs with funding from the GCF, and other sources

• NAP processes are in place and delivering on the “essential functions” including institutional arrangements to lead adaptation efforts and to access GCF support through mandates and accredited NIEs (as measured by the core metrics of the PEG M&E tool)

• The LDCs are focusing on their NAPs to fully address adaptation under the Paris Agreement and in addressing climate risks as they implement Agenda 2030

• The LDCs are supported technically and financially to implement their NAPAs • Monitoring and evaluation ensures successful adaptation (process and

outcomes) and includes effective learning

Challenges and opportunities towards achieving these outcomes in the context of the identified milestones

• Opportunity for mid-term review of progress through the SBI assessment of

progress on NAPs in early 2018

• Opportunity for effective alignment with GCF modalities for adaptation given

the clear linkage to funding for NAPs under the GCF

• The GCF Board to consider how to respond to the PA mandate for supporting

the NAPs at its June meeting

• Operationalization of the GCF to support formulation and implementation of

NAPs is slow to meet the 2018 milestones for developing NAPs

• Lack of coherence and common vision in support being provided for NAPs

leads to LDCs pursuing different pathways to address adaptation including the

lack of clarity and potential confusion with reporting instruments such as the

NDCs

Challenges and opportunities towards achieving these outcomes in the context of the identified milestones

• Lower priority for formulating and implementing NAPs within the national development agenda of the LDCs (due to experience with the NAPAs and other reasons) affecting the attainment of climate-resilient development)

• Limited capacity of agencies to support all LDCs effectively in formulating their NAPs by 2018-2020

• Limited capacity of the LDC to access GCF support for implementation (and

formulation) of NAPs (readiness) • Limited human capacity in LDCs to address the many aspects of the Paris

Agreement and the existing requirements under the Convention (NDCs, NAPs, NCs, etc)

• Limited funding in the LDCF to fully implement remaining NAPA priorities • The challenge of aligning all development oriented resources, national,

bilateral and multilateral to support the implementation of national adaptation plans can lead to inadequate resourcing of NAPs.

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