Early settlers. People began to settle in the Nile valley in about 7000 BC. They farmed the land, kept animals, and

built homes on the banks of the Nile.

'Ginger', a Predynastic EgyptianThey say he was from Gebelein, Egypt.

Late Predynastic period, around 3400 BC

                                 

Egyptians started to use hieroglyphic script about 3100 BC. They recorded important information.

Pyramids of Giza. They were built between 2600 and 2500 BC. The largest of the three pyramids was built for the pharaoh Khufu (called Cheops by the Greek). It stands 147 metres high and its weight is about 6,500,000 tonnes.

Tutankhamun was a pharaoh who ruled ancient Egypt for only nine years (from around 1336 BC to 1327 BC). In 1922, an English archaeologist named Howard Carter

discovered Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.

Ramses II was a pharaoh who ruled ancient Egypt

for 66 years from 1279 BC to 1213 BC. Ramses II had many temples and

statues of himself around Egypt, and is known for

being a great military leader.

Alexander the Great (352-323 BC) came from Macedonia. In 332 BC Alexander conquered Egypt.

He founded the city of Alexandria on the Mediterranean coast. In 323 BC he died of a fever.

Rosetta Stone

In 196 BC this stone was carved with an agreement between a

group of priests and the Egyptian government. It was written in

three different scripts: hieroglyphic, demotic and ancient

Greek.

This stone was found in 1799 AD by one of Napoleon's soldiers working in the town of Rosetta

(Rashid)

Beginning of the English translation:

In the reign of the young one who has succeeded his father in the kingship, lord of diadems, most glorious, who has established Egypt and is pious towards the gods, triumphant over his enemies, who has restored the civilized life of men...

Cleopatra VII is one of the most famous queens of Egypt. Cleopatra spoke many languages including Egyptian (Greek was the official language of the government in Egypt during the Ptolemaic period). Cleopatra is also well-known for her love affairs with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.

She died in 30 BC.

Now, listen again to the presentation (or read it) and do the activities your teacher proposes.