Upload
mark-bullen
View
2.456
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Organizational Models in Dual Mode Institutions and the Social Agenda of Distance Education Mark Bullen, Martha Burkle, Karen Belfer
Introduction
• Once upon a time….– Our reflections on significant
organizational change related to DE at UBC
– Not an isolated event– Other institutions have struggled with the
same issues
The Theory
• Causes– Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching– Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
– Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)– Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
The Theory
• Impact– Social agenda of distance education is at
risk
Social Agenda of Distance Education
• Help eliminate social, financial, situational, educational barriers
• Aimed at the non-traditional learner• Open learning• Social development• Distance learners have different needs
Methodology
• Analysis of four dual mode organizational models: – BCIT, SAIT, UBC, Tec de Monterrey
• Attempt to test the theory
Case Study Framework
• Type of institution• DE strategy• DE mandate• Student profile• Courses• DE organizational structure• DE status
BC Institute of Technology
• Type of Institution– Public, polytechnic
• Distance Education Strategy– Does not have a specific DE
strategy
• Distance Education Mandate– Mandate depends on the needs of
the Schools and Departments (in response to the needs of the field and learners’ needs).
BC Institute of Technology
Full Time Students13,000
Boomer45 yrs and over
Gen X25 – 44
yrs
72%26%2%
Part Time Students30,000 24%61%15%
Millennial24 yrs and
under
• Student Profile
BC Institute of Technology
• Courses– 459 courses– 79 programs– 6 different schools– Predominantly Health
Sciences
BC Institute of Technology
• Organizational Structure for DE– Base-funded– Centralized
development– Program-based delivery– Managerial approach
BC Institute of Technology
• Status of Distance Education– Valued
• Schools and programs have a good understanding of how DE can support their educational goals (e.g. access, flexibility for working students)
• DE instruction well-integrated into workload
• 33% of students studying by DE
BC Institute of Technology
• Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching
• Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
• Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)
• Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
• Social agenda of DE at risk
SAIT Polytechnic
• Type of Institution– Public, polytechnic institute
• DE strategy– Development of the Cisco Research
Chair in e-Learning– Double the DE gross revenue in 5 years– Double the net contribution in
5 years– Increase market share overall
• DE mandate
SAIT Polytechnic
• Student Profile– DE
• 11,000 DE registrations• Doubled registrations in 5 years• Steady growth rate
– Campus• 75,000 students
SAIT Polytechnic
• Courses– 320 courses– 60 programs– Predominantly in energy resources
SAIT Polytechnic• Organizational Structure for DE
– 50% centralized development and campus-wide student support functions
– 50% decentralized content delivery
– DE has a full cost recovery model with a net margin
SAIT Polytechnic• Status of Distance Education
– Valued• A Board priority for increasing
access will have a positive impact on Distance Education in the future.
• In the past, somewhat valued as a revenue producing line of business
• Greater emphasis to be placed on DE in the next 3 years.
• Integration of learning with technology has been identified as the core competence in the Institutional Strategy
SAIT Polytechnic
• Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching
• Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
• Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)
• Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
• Social agenda of DE at risk
University of British Columbia
• Type of Institution– Traditional, public, research university
• Distance Education Strategy– Priorities used to be determined by a university-
wide committee– Weak strategy
• Distance Education Mandate– to make education accessible– aimed at non-traditional learner
University of British Columbia
• Student Profile– DE
• 4,000 DE enrollments• Majority are campus students taking DE for
flexibility• Slightly older than campus students
– Campus• 43,000 full time students• largely 18-24 years old
University of British Columbia
• Courses– 200 courses– 12 subject areas– 4 full programs
University of British Columbia
• Organizational Structure for DE– Mixture of centralized and faculty-based
support– Gradual weakening of central unit as
faculty-based technology support units have emerged
– Managerial approach
University of British Columbia
• Status of Distance Education– Marginal
• Mixture of cost-recovery and base funding• Less than 10% of student population study by
DE• Most DE instructors are part-time• DE instruction not part of teaching load• Not seen as supporting the core goals of the
institution
University of British Columbia
• Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching
• Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
• Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)
• Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
• Social agenda of DE at risk
Tec de Monterrey
• Type of Institution– Private teaching university
• DE Strategy– To continue to be leaders in DE across the
country providing course innovation through the application of new pedagogic models (UV)
• DE Mandate
Tec de Monterrey
• Student Profile – 8,745 undergraduate students– 6,496 postgraduates– 90,509 Con Ed students– 86,356 students in programs for basic
competency development
Tec de Monterrey
• Courses– 60 programs
Tec de Monterrey
• Organizational Structure for DE– Decentralized in 3 of the 33 campuses for
course-based delivery– Undergraduate satellite courses taught
centralized to students– Fully online courses to postgraduate and
Con-Ed students – Cost-recovery/base funded
Tec de Monterrey
• Status of Distance Education– Very valued - part of TEC prestige
Tec de Monterrey
• Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching
• Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
• Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)
• Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
• Social agenda of DE at risk
Conclusions
• Emergence of e-learning for campus-based teaching
• Conflation of technology use with mode of delivery
• Lack of understanding of the distinct needs of distance learner (non-traditional)
• Emergence of new organizational units with similar mandates
• Social agenda of DE at risk
Conclusions
• Theory explains the factors• But why is this happening?• Related to type of institution• Learner-centered institutions more likely
preserve DE focus• Organizational structure?• DE strategy?• DE mandate?
For Further Information
BCIThttp://[email protected][email protected]
SAIThttp://[email protected]
Tec de Monterreyhttp://www.itesm.mx