Henry BriggsOpen Source Software:Diffusion and Integration of
Technology in EducationEDUC-7101-1/EDUC-8841-1Dr. David
ThornburgWalden University07/08/09, revised version 8.0
Henry BriggsOpen Source Software:Diffusion and Integration of
Technology in EducationEDUC-7101-1/EDUC-8841-1Dr. David
ThornburgWalden University07/08/09, revised version 6.0
Open Source Software
Open Source SoftwareThornburg Center25 years of pragmatic
visionaries
An innovation for teaching and learning with the use of
technology- One of the organizations that offer Open Source
Software.
Open Source Software
Open Source SoftwareConnect the world by free open source
software
Open Source Software
AbstractThe utilization of the computer and web technology has
given rise to many innovations in the educational community.
Open Source SoftwareAbstractThe utilization of the computer and
web technology has given rise to many innovations in the
educational community.Education News
A new way to teach and learn
Richard Stallman:
A Man With An Open Vision
Richard Stallman:A man with an open vision.
Envisioned free software used by all in whatever way they chose
as long as they will share the software free to all.Richard
Stallman had the idea of open source software with the source code
free for use to all;
Quote Accompanying
Richard Stallman's software
Share this code with your fellow users. Learn from it. Improve
upon it. And when you're done, please give something back to the
community (Kidd, 2000).
Quote Accompanying
Richard Stallman's software
Share this code with your fellow users. Learn from it. Improve
upon it. And when you're done, please give something back to the
community (Kidd, 2000).
Linus Torvalds
Author of the Linux Kernel Operating System
Linus Torvalds
Author of the Linux Kernel Operating System
Linus Torvalds wrote an operating system with free source code
that used the license of GNU written by Stallman,s foundation and
used open source software.
Who, What, Who, What?
The business community would be the first to adopt open source
because of the monetary savings. The education community would also
be an early adopter of open source because of the many applications
and savings that can be applied to other school departments.
The strategies that will be the most persuasive would be to
point out the savings and the compatibility the open source has to
be used for instructional strategies
The laggards would be the traditionalist that are afraid of
change.
Who, What, Who, What?The business community would be the first
to adopt open source because of the monetary savings. The education
community would also be an early adopter of open source because of
the many applications and savings that can be applied to other
school departments.The strategies that will be the most persuasive
would be to point out the savings and the compatibility the open
source has to be used for instructional strategies The laggards
would be the traditionalist that are afraid of change.
Attributes:
Which combination of perceived attributes would be best for helping
your innovation meet critical mass in your industry?
Unrestricted distribution
Source code distribution
Modifications
Author's source code integrity.
No personal discrimination
No restriction on application License distribution
License must not be product-specific
No restriction on other software - Technology neutrality
(Open Source Software in Education 2008)
Attributes:
Which combination of perceived attributes would be best for helping
your innovation meet critical mass in your industry?Unrestricted
distribution
Source code distribution
Modifications
Author's source code integrity.
No personal discrimination
No restriction on application License distribution
License must not be product-specific
No restriction on other software - Technology neutrality
(Open Source Software in Education 2008)
Stage 1:NEEDStage 1: Need
Tools used by individuals with minimum or no cost.
Beneficial to individuals and nations with financial
difficulties.
Open Source Software:
Adapted and Used by Older Hardware
Open Source Software:Adapted and used by older hardware
A Variety of Software is
Available for Many Uses and Users.
A variety of software is available for many uses and
users.Software development
Free Open Source Code:
The Keys Are Free To All
Free open source code: The keys [code] are free to all
The source code can be used by anyone wanting to change or adopt
the application for their personal use. Can be distributed to
others free of charge.
Stage 2:RESEARCHStage 2: Research
With the collaboration of programmers from around the world and
the use of these applications by the programmers that wrote them
the software is safer than proprietary software which cost.
Collaboration
Collaboration
With the shift toward distance education in the educational
community the free software that is offered through various
organizations such as the Thornburg Center; give many of those that
have financial difficulties the opportunity to obtain higher
education.
Free Open Source Collaborative Tools
1. Access Grid; audio and video collaboration2. Citadel;
collaboration suite3. OpenGroupware.org; software server for
multiple clients4. Spicebird; personal information manager5.
Audacity; audio recorder and editor6. Synfig; animation builder7.
Cmap; concept mapping tool8.-A Plethora of other free open source
applications that are used for collaboration.
Free open source collaborative tools
1. Access Grid; audio and video collaboration2. Citadel;
collaboration suite3. OpenGroupware.org; software server for
multiple clients4. Spicebird; personal information manager5.
Audacity; audio recorder and editor6. Synfig; animation builder7.
Cmap; concept mapping tool8.-A Plethora of other free open source
applications that are used for collaboration.
Open Source Software is used throughout society; whether indoors
or outdoors, mobile or home.
Open Source Software is used by the many of the educational
community from
primary to post-secondary educational users.
Educational institutes will be able to devote monetary resources
saved with the use of free open source software to other
projects.
Stage 3:DEVELOPMENTStage 3: Development
History of Open Source Software
1960's Bundled software with IBM
1970's Software became closed
1970's late 1980's Stallman founded GNU project
1980's late 1st Open Source License BSD
1980's 1990's early development continues
1991 1992 Net/2 complete operating system
1991-1992 final version Linux kernel; creation GNU/Linux
1993 386BSD developed into family of BSD
1990's late Acceptance of open source products
1998 Liberation of Netscape; Mozilla web browser officially
launched
History of open source software
1960's Bundled software with IBM
1970's Software became closed
1970's late 1980's Stallman founded GNU project
1980's late 1st Open Source License BSD
1980's 1990's early development continues
1991 1992 Net/2 complete operating system
1991-1992 final version Linux kernel; creation GNU/Linux
1993 386BSD developed into family of BSD
1990's late Acceptance of open source products
1998 Liberation of Netscape; Mozilla web browser officially
launched
Development
-One of the diffusion studies positioned the thoughts on the
paper titled Why Open Source Software / Free Software (OSS/FS,
FLOSS, or FOSS)? Look at the Numbers! By David A. Wheeler and uses
quantitative data to give reasons why institutions and individuals
may consider using Open Source Software.
Development-One of the diffusion studies positioned the thoughts
on the paper titled Why Open Source Software / Free Software
(OSS/FS, FLOSS, or FOSS)? Look at the Numbers! By David A. Wheeler
and uses quantitative data to give reasons why institutions and
individuals may consider using Open Source Software.
Technological Improvements
Open Source Software has addressed many of the technological
difficulties of online learning. In this age of communication, the
Open Source Software has enabled the world to connect and
collaborate, through the circulation of the software.
Technological improvements
Open Source Software has addressed many of the technological
difficulties of online learning. In this age of communication, the
Open Source Software has enabled the world to connect and
collaborate, through the circulation of the software.
Open Source Software is compatible with most computer hardware
and other applications
Open source software is comparable with most computer hardware
and other applications.
Stage 4:COMMERCIALIZATIONStage 4: commercialization
Commercialism
-The commercialism and marketing of the Open Source Software is
simple because there is minimal, if any chargefor the various
softwaredownloads, modification or use.-In the educational
community through sharing information and various educational tools
the increase of the software use has become more wide spread.
Commercialization
-The commercialism and marketing of the Open Source Software is
simple because there is minimal, if any charge for the various
software downloads, modification or use.-In the educational
community through sharing information and various educational tools
the increase of the software use has become more wide spread.
Open Source Software is also used
by the business community:
Open source software is used by the business community.
S-Curve of Linux Kernel -
Free Open Source Operating System
29 million
1991 2001 early 2005 earlyLinux adopters majority
18 million
1st. User Linus Torvalds
Continues to diffuse in society
S Curve of Linux Kernel free open source operating systems
Benefits:
public collaboration behind each project.
created by tens of thousands of programmers all collaborating to
create, and improve upon, a flawless website framework (Dynamic
Website Development and Design 2009).
others can modify the Open Source Software to suit their
individual person or group or school needs
Benefitspublic collaboration behind each project.
created by tens of thousands of programmers all collaborating to
create, and improve upon, a flawless website framework (Dynamic
Website Development and Design 2009).
others can modify the Open Source Software to suit their
individual person or group or school needs
Benefits Continued - 2:
-free open source code-detect and change or delete the attacker
program, where as propriety software has hidden codes and spy-ware
maybe hidden in the code without the knowledge of users and may
require a fee by the proprietary vendor to rid the system of the
spy-ware (The Linux Information Project 2004).
Benefits Continued -2--free open source code-detect and change
or delete the attacker program, where as propriety software has
hidden codes and spy-ware maybe hidden in the code without the
knowledge of users and may require a fee by the proprietary vendor
to rid the system of the spy-ware (The Linux Information Project
2004).
Benefits Continued - 3:
-can be used on older hardware and thereby this is beneficial to
all and especially to lower income individuals and others in third
world countries who get donations of older computers who can take
advantage of these open source software resources-savings
monetarily lets one invest in other educational endeavors-allow
teachers to expose students to a wide range of software
products-addresses security issues because its source code is open
and available to the users and if any back-doors or spy-ware is
written into the program the users will be able to use
Benefits Continued -3--can be used on older hardware and thereby
this is beneficial to all and especially to lower income
individuals and others in third world countries who get donations
of older computers who can take advantage of these open source
software resources-savings monetarily lets one invest in other
educational endeavors-allow teachers to expose students to a wide
range of software products-addresses security issues because its
source code is open and available to the users and if any
back-doors or spy-ware is written into the program the users will
be able to use
Open Source Software (OSS)
Common and/or Successful OSS products:
Mozilla Foxfire, internet browser
Apache HTTP Server
Internet Protocol [IP], and internet address system
GNU/Linux operating system, Unix-like operating system
Open Source Software [OSS]
Common and/or Successful OSS products:
Mozilla Foxfire, internet browser
Apache HTTP Server
Internet Protocol [IP], and internet address system
GNU/Linux operating system, Unix-like operating system
Open Source can be currently utilized by
many learners around the world.
Its use is expected to continue to expand.
Huli Wigmen of Papua, New Guinea using laptop computers.
Open Source can be currently utilized by
many learners around the world.
Its use is expected to continue to expand.
Huli Wigmen of Papua, New Guinea, using laptops.
References
Clipart retrieved from:
http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSE
QuarterlyMagazineVolum/OpenSourceSoftwareinEducation/162873
on 6/25/09.
Clipart, retrieved from; www.tcpd.org on 7/1/09
Kidd, (2000). Richard Stallman's Software Quote. REMINDER:
ADD
REMAIDER OF REFERENCE
Lakhan, S. E., Jhunihuwala, K. (2008). Open Source Software in
Education; EDUCAUSE QUARTERLY. Vol. 31, no.2
Celebrating 10 Years of Mozilla
http://www-archive.mozilla.org/mozilla-ten-year.html
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations; Simon &
Schuster, Inc., Free Press; New York, NY.
Vandana Singh, Michael B. Twidale, David M. Nichols, "Users of
Open
Source Software - How Do They Get Help?," hicss, pp.1-10, 42nd
Hawaii
International Conference on System Sciences, 2009
Wheeler, D. A. Why Open Source Software / Free Software
(OSS/FS, FLOSS, or FOSS)? Look at the Numbers!
http://irm.stackworks.net/
www.wikipedia.com
Of course, I want to acknowledge my references and thanks to all
the new knowledge I have learned and have given to you.
