Ontology-based Standardization on Knowledge Exchange in Social Knowledge Management Environments

Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik, Produktionswirtschaft und Logistik

Stefan Thalmann & Isabella Seeber

Innsbruck Information System University of Innsbruck School of Management

Information Systems Universitätsstraße 15

6020 Innsbruck

together with: Peinl, R. , Hetmank, L., Kruse, P., Maier, R., Pawlowski, J.M., Bick, M.

Ontology-based Standardization on Knowledge Exchange in Social

Knowledge Management Environments

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Knowledge management trends

– connecting human and technology orientation

– moving from document repositories to distributed cloud services

– moving from officially endorsed organizational knowledge management applications to global social software applications

– moving from usage in specialized tasks of social software to the central concept for connecting resources and activities

• How do we represent knowledge and connect activities, resources and people?

Where are we going to ?

Information Systems Seite 6

Perspectives

Know

ledge

Obje

ct

Pers

pect

ive

Knowledge

Worker

Perspective

Know

ledge

Pro

cess

Persp

ective

Knowledge

Trace

Know

ledge

Bundle

Knowledge

Activity Stream

Know

ledge

Activity


Definition: Codified knowledge of externalized knowledge (e.g. paragraphs, tables, figures, mind maps)

Knowledge Object

creator (person)

LOM(contribute),DC(creator),MARC21(100, 110, 111, 700, 710, 711), TV-Anytime(content creator), DITA (author)

title LOM(title), DC(title), MARC21(245,246), DITA(title)

keyword (topic)

LOM(keyword), DC(subject), MARC21(050,060), TV-Anytime(descriptor), DITA(keyword)

rights (license)

LOM(rights), LOM(copyright), SCORM(rights), DITA(copyright)

technical description

LOM(technical), SCORM(technical), DITA(technical)


Knowledge Activity

activity UICO (eventType), TMO (pimo:Task), CAM (action), IMS LD (activities)

activityDescription TMO (tmo: taskDescription), IMS LD (title, activity Description)

Dependency (activity)

TMO (tmo:SuperSupTaskDependency)

activityState UICO (TaskState), TMO (tmo:TaskEffort, tmo:TaskState), CAM (duration)

Definition: Goal directed actions within a user's context


Knowledge Trace

actor (person) LOM (contribute), DC (contributor), TV-Anytime (CreditsItem), SCORM (lifeCycle:contribute), MPEG7 (Creator), ATOM (atom:contributor)

action activitystrea.ms

system (system)

activitystrea.ms

target activitystrea.ms

date SCORM (lifeCycle:contribute:date), UTO (date), ATOM (updated)

duration activitystrea.ms, hCalender (duration and dtstart/dtend)

location from activitystrea.ms, hCalender (location)

Definition: Codified representation of a user's action that captures contextual information


Knowledge Activity Stream & Knowledge Bundle

title CAM

dateAdded, dateRemoved CAM

lastRead, readTimes CAM

category (ontology concept)

ATOM

generator (information system)

ATOM

contributor (person) ATOM

rights ATOM

Definition KAS: Time-ordered list of knowledge activities (user-centric view)

Definition KB: Collection of knowledge traces that are affiliated to a knowledge object (object-centric perspective)


Knowledge Worker

name name foaf:person (lastName), hCard (family-name), schema.org:person (name), activitystrea.ms:person (displayName)

address (address)

schema.org:person (address), proton (locatedIn)

expertise (skill, interest)

foaf:agent (interest), protont:person (hasProfession)

membership (community, organization)

schema.org:person (affiliation, alumniOf, memberOf, worksFor)

knows (person) foaf:person (knows), XFN (friend, colleague), protont:person (isBossOf)

Definition: people with a high degree of education or expertise whose work primarily involves the creation, distribution, or application of knowledge


Knowledge Container

collection structure MPEG7, LOM

aggregation level LOM

sequencing rules SCORM SS

relation to resources (contents)

SCORM

security Baumgarten et al. (2006)

content status Office Open XML

Definition: A set of knowledge objects and their corresponding knowledge bundles


Proposed Ontology

person

skill

verb

duration

keyword

rights

subClassOf

community

activityState

partOf

partOf

latitude

longitude

city

description

actor

affiliated alumniOf

published

updated

worksFor

hasSkill

memberOf

hasProvider

systemlicense

organization

action

location

topic

state

knows

dependsOn

hasAction

actor

creator

knowledge

objectknowledge

trace

workLocation

knowledge

worker

homeLocation

dtStart

dtEnd

hasGenerator

hasLocation

target

colleague

isBossOf

knowledge

activity

name

title

knowledge

bundle

consistsOf consistsOf

knowledge

activity stream

dateAdded

readTimes

hasGenerator

contributor

rights

technical

requirements


• The paper identifies seven major concepts that are needed to foster knowledge exchange between social environments.

• We showed how descriptions about knowledge activities could be collected by our exemplary set of metadata elements.

• The value of the ontology is that we can now easily integrate data collected from different applications within one or several organizations.

• This work represents an initial step of the development towards a potential standard.

• The next steps are to perform a technical proof of concept and to elaborate how these collected data can be used for knowledge management.

Conclusion and Outlook

Contact

Isabella Seeber

[email protected]

Stefan Thalmann

[email protected]

University of Innsbruck School of Management Information Systems I Universitätsstraße 15 6020 Innsbruck, Austria

Education

Ontology-based Standardization on Knowledge Exchange in Social Knowledge Management Environments