PEER TO PEER IN TOURISM

Teacher: Iva Slivar, PhD

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Lecture Content (1) Introduction Nomenclature Revolution in travel Impact to tourism Expansion Users

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Lecture Content (2) Advantages and

disadvantages Case studies Conclusion Questions

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Introduction

The sharing evolution Connect to share information Connect people to each other Connect to share daily

thoughts and media Connect to access services

and share accesswww.ecorl.it

Introduction

Private accommodation has been rented for decades

There are +500 peer to peer platforms in tourism

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What is peer to peer?

Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers.

Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application. They are said to form a peer-to-peer network of nodes.

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Nomeclature

Peer to peer Sharing Economy C2C

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The Concept of Peer to Peer in Tourism

P2P is a gateway to often noncommercial, often more affordable alternatives to hotels, car rentals, and experiences away from home.

People - complete strangers - rent out their homes, lend their vehicles, lead guided tours, and meet out-of-towners for meals, all set up via the Internet. 

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The Concept of Sharing Economy

Sharing economy is an economic and social activity involving online transactions. Originally growing out of the open-source community to refer to peer-to-peer based sharing of access to goods and services, the term is now sometimes used in a broader sense to describe any sales transactions that are done via online market places, even ones that are business to consumer (B2C), rather than peer-to-peer.

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The Concept of C2C

C2C markets provide an innovative way to allow customers to interact with each other.

In customer to customer markets, the business facilitates an environment where customers can sell goods or services to each other.

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Revolution in travel – demand side

destination choice see do eat sleep move around need to tell

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Revolution in travel – offer side

Accommodation Airbnb (2008): over 1 billon

of listings in more than 34.000 cities and 190 countries

Hilton (1919): over 610.000 rooms (540 properties) in 78 countries www.ecorl.it

Supporting the offer

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Impact on tourism

Anyone can start a tourism business. Online platforms provide easy access to a wide range of services, many of them of higher quality and more affordable than their traditional business counterparts.

Sharing economy allows more flexibility. Some tourists appreciate these platforms for personalisation, authenticity and contacts with local citizens.

Hoteliers claim they have lost revenue because of the rise of accommodation-sharing platforms.

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Expansion of peer to peer

In Europe today, although the vast majority of the P2P lending activity is concentrated in the UK – which accounts for over 84% of the whole European market followed by Germany (5,4%), France (3,3%) and Nordic countries are experiencing strong growth in the P2P lending space with a number of homegrown startups starting to emerge as regional leaders.

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Who uses it? Generation Y wants to be

understood, accepted, respected; they want to be involved.

Their job gives them only income to do what they want to do.

Communicating with them requires openness, understanding and sincere interest.

They grew up in a world saturated by media, are very brand-conscious. They responds to humor, irony, and "uncoated" truth. Generation Y will easily dismiss their brand loyalty.www.ecorl.it

Advantages of peer to peer in tourism

Anybody can start a tourism buissnes Easy acces to tourism services via Internet High quality and affordable prices of offered

places/services Flexible timetables, no need of planning

everything in advance Authenticy and contact with local communities Significant reduction in energy and water use,

greenhouse gas emissions, and waste Income for both sides…

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Disadvantages

Increasing the number of part-time workers in the tourism sector

If the work in the sharing economy is the only source of income, it provides no social security to the worker (e.g. no paid sick leave)

Threat to safety, health and disability compliance standards

Loss of money of providers due to creating new sharing platforms…

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Case study - peer to peer offline

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Case study

Accommodation Gastronomy Transport Tours Other travel related

services Combinations

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Accommodation

Airbnb (global) Couchsurfing (global) Campinmygarden.com

(Europe)

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Couch surfing

Couchsurfing is a global network of over 11 million travelers, adventure seekers and lifelong learners in over 150,000 cities in every country in the world.

There's a community of Couchsurfers near you! Many cities have weekly language exchanges, dance classes, hikes and dinners. Make new friends.

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Campinmygarden.com

With more than 1000 micro-campsites to choose from, and located on every continent except Antarctica, Campinmygarden.com is the first website featuring private gardens for camping.

About half of the campsites are in the UK and mainland Europe. 

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Gastronomy

Eatwith.com (global) Bonappetour.com (global) Cookapp.com (Americas,

Europe)…

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Eatwith.com

Target public: residents and tourists

The accent is on both meeting new people and experience dining

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Bonappetour.com

Target public: tourists Hosts are preparing meals in

front of you

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Transport

Uber (global) Blablacar (global) Mobi – parking system (NW

Europe) Yellow backie (Amsterdam

hitchhiking)

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Uber

On a snowy Paris evening in 2008, Travis Kalanick and Garrett Camp had trouble hailing a cab. So they came up with a simple idea—tap a button, get a ride.

Based in San Francisco, operate in 66 countries and 545 cities worldwide.

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Blabla car

Long-distance ridesharing community  Founded in 2006, based in Paris Connects drivers and passengers

willing to travel together between cities and share the cost of the journey.

has more than 600 employees and more than 35 million members in 22 

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Mobi

Paris, Brissel and Amsterdam  Private parking places as well as

parking lots offered when not used Bookable in advance

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Yellow backie

Amsterdam’s hitchhiking style  More bicycles than inhabitants and

tourist often cause accidents Voluntary-based ride sharing by bike

provided by locals to tourists Characteristic yellow lift

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Tours

I-likelocals (SE Asia) Trip4Real (Spain) Toursbylocals (Global) Ventoura (Europe)…

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Tours examples

Street food tasting Jogging city guide London’s unseen Day trip with fishermen

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Other travel related services

Share my WIFI Currency conversions

Currency fair (Europe) Meet travellers

Travelbuddy (global) Companions2travel (global) Triptogether (global)

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Other travel related services

Gear rental Spinlister.com – bike (Europe,

North America) Housesitting Petsitting Delivery

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Combinations

Tours and meals Meet travellers and locals Car rentals, parking sharing,

ride sharing …

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Conclusion

Peer to peer revolution is still awaiting for its expansion.

Future research should focus on facilitation of collaborations.

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