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1. Define: Immigrant, confluence.
2. Identify three reasons behind colonial growth.
3. Explain how English colonial growth would impact the Native Americans and French.
4. How did the French react to English encroachment? How did the English react to the French.
5. Describe why the Ohio River Valley was so important.
In 1750, the English and French colonies are growing.
Why?1. More children born.2. People living longer.3. Immigrants.
People who enter a new country to live.
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Settling west of the Appalachian Mountains in the Ohio River Valley (ORV).
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Feet
abo
ve s
ea le
vel
Miles to the Ohio River Valley
PhiladelphiaOhio River Valley
The ORV offered settlers fur, farmland, and plenty of other resources.
Bullion was easily made off of this region.
The Ohio River is important because it links the interior to
the Mississippi River.
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The French claimed the interior of North America from the Great Lakes to New Orleans.
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C'est C'est terre terre
françaisefrançaise!!
In 1749, Pierre Joseph Céloron de Blainville led the ‘Lead Plate’ expedition to expand France’s claims of
North America.
An expedition buried lead plates along the Ohio River to mark New France’s claims.
At the confluenceconfluence of the major waterways, they also nailed a copper plate to a tree.
JoiningThe practice of burying plates first
began in Europe in the Middle Ages and was a common way to show
landownership.
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Confluence of the Great
Miami & the Ohio Rivers
Indian God Rock Allegheny River at
Franklin, PA
Confluence of the Kanawha and Ohio
Rivers at Point Pleasant, WV
(FOUND)
Confluence of the Kanawha and Ohio
Rivers at Point Marietta, WV
(FOUND)
Confluence of the Wheeling Creek and
Ohio River at Wheeling, WV
As European settlers pushed into the ORV, Natives were pushed west.
They were weakened by disease and warfare.
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Native American tribes were forced to settle on lands claimed by other Native American tribes.
1. To help defend themselves and to protect their trade, they aligned with the Natives.
2. They built a series of forts.
Most Native Americans joined with the French and General Montcalm, who they
considered to be a great leader.
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Fort Presque IsleFort Presque Isle
French ClaimsFrench Claims
Fort Le BoeufFort Le Boeuf
Fort MachaultFort Machault
Fort DuquesneFort Duquesne
English ExpansionEnglish Expansion
Fort Presque IsleFort Presque Isle Erie, PAErie, PA
Fort Le BoeufFort Le Boeuf Waterford, PAWaterford, PA
Fort MachaultFort Machault Franklin, PAFranklin, PA
Fort DuquesneFort Duquesne ??
Fort DuquesneFort Duquesne
Monongahela River
Monongahela River
Allegheny River
Allegheny River
Controlling the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers meant controlling the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.
1. George Washington, was sent with a letter telling the French to leave the ORV.
His destination?
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This is the only known statue of George Washington in a British
uniform.
George Washington’s guide, Christopher Gist, and their Native American companion, Half-king,
along the French Creek.
The French officer at Fort Machault sent Washington
further North, to Fort Le Boeuf, to negotiate with an
officer of higher rank.
The French refused to leave.
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After leaving Fort Le Boef, a Native allied with the French attempted to assassinate
George Washington.
On the return trip from Fort Le Boef, a hastily constructed raft capsized placing Washington in
the frozen waters of the Allegheny River.
1. Define: Immigrant, confluence.
2. Identify three reasons behind colonial growth.
3. Explain how English colonial growth would impact the Native Americans and French.
4. How did the French react to English encroachment? How did the English react to the French.
5. Describe why the Ohio River Valley was so important.
1. Define: Immigrant, confluence.
2. Identify three reasons behind colonial growth.
3. Explain how English colonial growth would impact the Native Americans and French.
4. How did the French react to English encroachment? How did the English react to the French.
5. Describe why the Ohio River Valley was so important.
