MOUNTAINS

• A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. • Those landforms which have a

height of 900m or more above sea level are called mountains

TYPES OF MOUNTAINS

• FOLD MOUNTAINS•BLOCK MOUNTAINS•RELICT MOUNTAINS•VOLCANIC MOUNTAINS

FOLD MOUNTAINS

• Folding of plates cause fold mountains to form• They are higher when compared

to other mountains• E.g.: Himalayan Mountains, The

Alphs, The Rockies, The Andes

• Fold mountains are formed when two plates collide head on, and their edges crumbled, much the same way as a piece of paper folds when pushed together.

• The upward folds are known as

anticlines, and the downward folds are synclines.

BLOCK MOUNTAINS

• It is formed as a result of uplift of land forms due to faulting• These mountains have flat tops

and steep sides• Eg: Black Forest in Germany,

Vosges in France

RESIDUAL MOUNTAINS

• Due to the different weathering processes of prolonged duration, the rocks that are not very resistant get disintegrated and only those resistant part remain. These mountains are called Residual Mountains

• Eg :The Aravalli ranges and the Nilgiris in India

Volcanic Mountains

• Volcanic Mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) deep within the earth, erupts, and piles upon the surface. –Magma is called lava when it breaks

through the earth's crust. –When the ash and lava cools, it builds a

cone of rock. –Rock and lava pile up, layer on top of layer.

USES OF MOUNTAINS• CLIMATE• MINERAL WENLTH• HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER• TOURIST RESORTS• DEFENCE AND PROTECTION