APPLICATION OF NANO TECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE FINISHING

SUBMITTED TO: PROF. DEEPTI GUPTA

SUBMITTED BY: ANUBHAV SHUKLA(2015TTF2385)

CONTENT

NANO-TECHNOLOGY

SYNTHESIS OF NANOPHASE MATERIALS

NANOFINISHING APPLICATION

NANOPARTICLES& ITS APPLICATIONS

NEXT GENERATION NANO FINISHING

FUTURE ASPECTS

CONCLUSION

NANO-TECHNOLOGY

We can define it by following means

“It deals with structures whose area is smaller than 100 nm at

least in one dimension”

OR

“Nanotechnology greatly focuses on handling, arranging and

controlling of nanoscale structures to incorporate into large

material structures and components”

SYNTHESIS OF NANOPHASE MATERIALS

Top down approach

It involves breaking down the bulk

materials to nano sizes

Bottom up approach

Building atom by atom by self

assembly

NANOTECHNOLOGY WHY?

Conventional methods used to impart different properties to fabrics Lower sustainabilityReduce breathabilityComfort

Nanotechnology can provide high durability for fabrics because: Smaller size large surface area-to-volume ratiohigh surface energy.

Coating of nano-particles on fabrics will not affect their breathability or hand feel.

APPLICATION OF NANOFINISHING

FUNCTIONALwater repellent

PROTECTIONUV absorption

DURABILITYcolor fastness

DURABILITYabrasion

SAFETYfire retardancy

FUNCTIONAL HYGIENEAnti-microbial

FUNCTIONAL PROTECTIONControlled release

of additives

Nano Treated Textile

FUNCTIONAL PROTECTIONself-cleaning

NANOPARTICLES& ITS APPLICATIONS

SR. NO. Nanoparticles Properties1 Silver nanoparticles Anti-bacterial finishing2 Fe nanoparticles Conductive magnetic properties, remote

heating.3 ZnO and TiO2 UV-protection, fiber protection, oxidative

catalysis4 TiO2 and MgO Chemical and biological protective

performance, provide self-sterilizing function.

5 SiO2 or Al2O3 Nano-particles with PP or PE coating

Super water repellent finishing.

6 Indium-tin oxide nanoparticles EM / IR protective clothing.

7 Ceramic nanoparticles Increasing resistance to abrasion.

8 Carbon black nanoparticles Increasing resistance to abrasion, chemical resistance and impart electrical

conductivity, coloration of some textiles.9 Clay nanoparticles High electrical, heat and chemical

resistance.

WATER REPELLENT FINISHES

PREVIOUSLY BY PARAFFIN WAX:

Paraffin chains wrap themselves spiral-like around individual fibres,

filaments or yarns in a very fine film

Reduces surface tension

water droplets and even mud with significantly higher surface tension

simply run off

Economic

WATER REPELLENT NANO FINISH

SiO2, Al2O3 nanoparticles are mainly used for super water repellent finishesFibres are coated with millions of 40 nanometer wide silicone nanofilamentsSilicone is condensed into the fibres in the form of gas to form nanofilamentsA permanent layer of air, trapped in silicone nanofilaments, that is present in the fabric, prevents the water from penetrating into the cloth

ANTIMICROBIAL NANOFINISH

Nano particles have an extremely large

relative surface area, thus larger contact

with bacteria or fungi

It suppresses respiration, the basal

metabolism of the electron transfer system,

and the transport of the substrate into the

microbial cell membrane

It adversely affect cellular metabolism

and inhibit cell growth

Nanosized silver, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are used

CONT…

Encapsulate a silver compound or

nano particle with a fibre reactive

polymer

Silver nanoparticles are on the

surface of the capsule

In inner core perfume or thermo

sensitive material

Anti-microbial activity against

various bacteria, fungi are achieved

DISADVANTAGE UF USING SILVER NPs

High cost

Incompatibility to aqueous system

Tendency to cause decoloration in textile

Loss in tensile sttength and elongation both

L. Maleknia, A. S. Rashidi, “Preparation and Characterization of Nylon 6/Silver anocomposite Fibers for Permanent Antibacterial Effect”, Oriental Journal of Chemistry Vol 31;(2014);257-262

PHOTOCATALYTIC SELFCLEANING FINISH

UVPROTECTION FINISH

By TiO2, ZnO, SiO2 and Al2O3

nanoparticles

Scattering is inversely proportional to

the wavelength to the fourth power

Light scattering predominates at

approximately onetenth of the

wavelength of the scattered light

LIMITATIONS

Generation of waste chemical residues or wastewater during

the production of self-cleaning fibrous materials

Improper disposal of nanomaterials could lead to a large

amount of nano-sized titanium dioxide entering the soil

Earthworms can absorb nanoparticles from the contaminated

soil and move up to the food chain

Nano Tio2 induces oxidative DNA damage increases DNA

strand breaks

NEXT GENERATION NANO FINISHING

Finish Fibre suitability Functions End use

Nano Care Cellulosic Wrinkle resistance,

water and stain repellent

All Cotton wear

Nano Dry PET, NY, Acrylic Hydrophilic finish

Synthetic sports wear, under garments

Nano Touch

Synthetics Cellulose wrapping on synthetics

Wrapping on PET microfibres to produce highly twisted

Georgette, Chiffon Silk substitute.Wrapping on acrylic to produce

light weight hydrophilic sweater

NANOCARE

Uses whishker like structure

Features

Superior Stain, Water and Oil Repellency

Resists Wrinkles

Breathable Fabric

Preserves Original Hand

Easy Care

Dimension stabilizing finish

Hooks

Whiskers

SUPER HYDROPHOBIC: SELF CLEANING NANO FINISHES

Billions of Nanowhiskers create a thin

cushion of air above the cotton fabric,

smoothing out wrinkles and allowing

liquids to bead up and roll off without a

trace.

Water droplets form spherical globules

Rough nanoscale surface picks up dirt

Water and dirt roll offIt doesn't affect the hand, breathability of fabric

NANO DRY

USES NANONET STRUCTURE

Hydrophilic finishing technology

Nanonets alters the property of

synthetic fibers like Polyester to give feel

of cotton & linen.

Wicks body moisture fast

Dries quickly & gives cooling effect.

Preserves Original Hand

Durable Performance

NANO TOUCH

Nano sheet wraps the fiber completely to cover it & alter its property.

Strength and Durability.

Improvement in colorfastness.

Crease retention.

Static resistance.

Superior Refinement in a blended

Fabric

Luxurious Cotton like hand

FUTURE PROSPECT

Future developments of nanotechnologies in textiles will have a

two fold focus:

Upgrading existing functions and performances of textile

materials;

Developing multifunctional finishes using nano technology

The new functions with textiles to be developed include

Nanofibres that would detoxify and filter toxic chemicals, warfare

agents. Multiple and sophisticated protection and detection.

Healthcare and wound healing functions

CONCLUSION

Nanotechnology takes finishing to an advance level by covering

demerits of conventional finishes

Nano finish impart some valuable property to fabric but may have

some disadvantage in terms of strength loss, toxicity.

To overcome these barrier the research on nanofinish need to

expand in direction of sustainable, ecofriendly nanofinish

REFERENCES

S.Kathirvelu,“Nanotechnology applications in textiles”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology;Vol.1(2008);Pg.1-10A. Ebissy,“Effect of nano ZnO on structural characteristic, tensile thermal properties of textile fabrics”,Journal of industrial textiles;(2015);Pg.1-13Wing Sze Tung,“Self-cleaning fibers via nanotechnology: a virtual reality”, Journal of Materials Chemistry; Vol.21; (2011); Pg.7858–7869Mehreen Ijaz,“Role of Nanotechnology in the Field of Textile Finishes”, RJSSM;Vol.03;(2013);Pg.201-207M. Joshi and A. Bhattacharyya Nanotechnology,“A New Route to HighPerformance and Functional Textiles” ,Textile Progress;(2011) ; Pg.155-233Mohammad Mirjalili,“Antibacterial properties of nano silver finishcellulose fabric”,Journal Of Nanostructure in Chemistry; (2013); Pg.1-5 D. Gopalakrishnan,“Functional Nano Finishes ForTextiles”, Fibre2Fashion;2016;Pg.1-10A.P.S.Sawhney,“Modern Applications of Nanotechnology in Textiles”,Textile Research Journal;Vol 78;2008;Pg.731-739

THANK YOU