|>arrival of Spaniards- gold, copper, and silver

|>oldest industries in the country

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1. 1899-19192. 1920s-1930s 3. 1935

Gold was the third most important commodity in the Philippine export trade.

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1920s and1930s 1950s and 1960s 1970s and 1980s

The province of Surigao has the biggest deposit of nickeliferous laterite, the second type of nickel in the country and is considered one of the largest in the world. mining.071913

“The Philippines is among the worst countries in the world with regard to tailings dam failures whereby the surface impoundments containing the toxic waste from the mining process failed with disastrous consequences for local people and the environment”.

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Strip mining process  Placer mining process  Mountain top process  Hydraulic mining

process Dredging process  Open pit process

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Slope mining process 

Hard rock process  Drift mining

process  Shaft process Borehole process 

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Gold Copper Chromite Platinum Gravel Silver

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1. Environmental Impacts- Landslides and Erosions- Water Contamination- Vulnerability to Earthquakes- Mercury Contaminations

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2. Social and Political Impacts- Extrajudicial Killings - Corruption and Militarization- Displacement of the People

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3. Health Impacts

Itchiness~>

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Environmental ImpactsPresidential Decree (PD) No. 1151, enacted in 1977

Social and Political Impactsgovernment should enforce strict implementation of rules and regulations regarding mining operations

Health Impactsbanning of harmful chemicals products should be done

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The Government should be the first to follow its own The Government should be the first to follow its own rules and regulations with regards to miningrules and regulations with regards to mining

Improve or make changes in the 1995 Mining ActImprove or make changes in the 1995 Mining Act Address Human Rights IssuesAddress Human Rights Issues The government should empower and inform local The government should empower and inform local

communitiescommunities Establish a group that would review mining operationsEstablish a group that would review mining operations Strengthen the protection of the Philippine’s Strengthen the protection of the Philippine’s

biodiversitybiodiversity

RecommendationRecommendation

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Egangan, Aidan Byrne

Madrid, Harmony Blossom

Mata, Lara Melissa

Mendoza, Lyka Marsone

Mo-oy, Jesabel

Oribello, John

Tipayno, Joermace