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Mini Beasts – Bugs and More

Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

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Page 1: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Mini Beasts – Bugs and More

Page 2: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Objective / Aim this Lesson

• Focus – Looking at the part insects play within the Ecosystem and food

webs.(Ecology – the set of relationships of a particular

organism with its environment)

• Question – Is our garden functioning as it should? Is it healthy?

Page 3: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Some Interesting Bug Facts

• A fly can travel 300 times the length of its body in one second. A jet travelling at the speed of sound only travels 100 times its length.

•There are more insects in two square kilometres of rural land than human beings on the whole planet.

Page 4: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Some Interesting Bug Facts

• A fly beats its wings 200 times a second, three times faster than a hummingbird.

• There are more than 2,000 muscles in a caterpillar. Humans have 650 muscles.

• Butterflies taste with their hind feet.• Cicadas have their hearing organs in their

stomachs, at the base of the abdomen. Crickets have their hearing organs in their knees, or, more precisely, in the oval slit of their forelegs.

Page 5: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Bug Types

• ‘Bugs’ is the common name for ‘Invertebrates’.

• There are an estimated 30 million species and new species are being discovered everyday. Scientists have only named about 10 million species.

• Vertebrates consist of only 36,000 species, eg birds and mammals.

Page 6: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Identifying Bugs – Food Chains

• Looking at bugs in the garden – have to identify them. Be specific in their features and characteristics

• Is there a good relationship or an imbalance in our garden. What is eating what?

• The next activity the insects have been grouped according to their features and characteristics and so you need to understand the basic groupings of animals.

Page 7: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Classification of Organisms

• Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

• These words (or classifications) are a means by which the relationship among organisms can be determined (plants, protozoans, animals, etc.).

• As we move down this list, we get more specific about the organisms we are referring to.

Page 8: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Great White Shark

Human Being 2 Spotted Lady Beetle

Kingdom: Animalia Kingdom: Animalia Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: Chordata Phylum: Chordata Phylum: ArthropodaClass: Chondrichthyes Class: Mammalia Class: InsectaOrder: Lamniformes Order: Primates Order: ColeopteraFamily: Lamnidae Family: Hominidae Family: CoccinellidaeGenus: Carcharodon Genus: Homo Genus: AdaliaSpecies: carcharias Species: sapiens Species: bipunctata

Classifications – Putting Animals into different groups

Page 9: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Organising the Animal Kingdom

Great White Shark• Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells;

can’t make their own food)• Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with

accompanying nerves)• Class: Chondrichthyes (‘fish’ with a cartilaginous

skeleton)• Order: Lamniformes (‘Mackerel’ sharks)• Family: Lamnidae (‘Mackerel’ sharks)• Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharos

meaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odon meaning “tooth”)

• Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)

Page 10: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Arthropods you may see today

• Arthropods – 4 main groups or classes

- Insects- Arachnids- Myriapods

- Crustaceans

Page 11: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Arthropods• In rows (4 x rows of computers)• Each row will research one of the four main

classes or groups of Arthropods (5 min)InsectsArachnidsMyriapodsCrustaceans

• Bring up one fact each and write on board• http://museumvictoria.com.au/bugs/aboutbugs/

types.aspx

Page 12: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Bug Catcher

• Key question: Why is an earthworm not considered an insect

• 3 Activities– Bug Explorer– Bug Sorter– Bug Collector

• http://museumvictoria.com.au/bugs/game/content/content.html

Page 14: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Lesson – at 5E

• We have been studying different insects / bugs to help us know what to look for when we are trying to identify them.

• What sought of things are you going to record when you are out in the garden?

Page 15: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Break into 2 Groups

Page 16: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

What is a food chain?

• A ‘chain’ of organisms, through which energy is transferred.

• Each part of the chain is a food source to another part in the chain.

Page 17: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Example: Wetland food chain

The arrows in a food chain or food web point in the direction of energy flow.

Page 18: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

The broadest food chain is as follows:

Sun - The sun is the driving force of a food chain. It is the source of all life. Without the sun (and water) there would be no life.

Page 19: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Producers

• Producers are green plants that use the sun, water, nutrients and air (carbon dioxide) to produce energy which they store in their cells.

• This process is called photosynthesis, and also produces oxygen.

• Producers are the largest group in a food chain.

Page 20: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Consumers

• All organisms which eat other organisms are called consumers.

They include:• HERBIVORES – animals that eat plants• CARNIVORES – animals that eat other animals• OMNIVORES – animals that eat plants and animals• DETRITIVORES – animals that eat dead things and leaf

litter etc• PARASITES – animals that live off other organisms• SCAVENGERS – animals that eat dead animal carcasses

Page 21: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Decomposers

• Decomposers convert dead matter into small particles, nutrients and gases which are released back into the water, air and soil to be used again.

• Bacteria and very small organisms break down dead leaves and animals through a process called decomposition.

Page 22: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Decomposers

• http://www.vtaide.com/png/foodchains.htm

• http://www.mhschool.com/science/2008/student/na/scienceinmotion/Common/SIM.html?Module=../Grade4/Chapter3-MicroorganismsAtWork/

Page 23: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

What is a food web?

• Shows the feeding relationships between the various plants and animals.

• It is a transfer of energy

• As a general rule, about 90% of the energy it gains is lost to the environment, mostly as heat and some as excreted wastes. The remaining 10% is used for growth, maintenance, etc.

Page 24: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Food Web – Transfer of EnergyThe tissues of all plants and animals are a store of energy which is available to other organisms in a food web. When an animal eats another one it obtains the energy available in that organism.

Page 25: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Developing a Food Web

• http://www.gould.edu.au/foodwebs/kids_web.htm

• http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/Phase3delivery/Wales/Science/Keystage4/Livingthingsand/Feedingrelation/Introduction/act2.swf

Page 26: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More
Page 27: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Food Webs are Complex

• If all the links and organisms had been shown, the food web would be impossibly complicated! For example, people eat yabbies but this link has not been included.

• Are there any other links which should be included which have not been?

Page 28: Mini Beasts – Bugs And More

Creating a Food Web

• http://www.vtaide.com/png/foodchains.htm

• http://www.vtaide.com/png/foodwebFF.htm