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Maulana Azad National Urdu University
B.Ed (Distance Mode) Counselling Session 9th Jun to 26th Jun, 2014
Organized byDepartment of Education & Training
General Objectives of Teaching English:
To enable pupils;1. To listen English letters properly2. To listen words with meaning 3. To recognize and tell meaning of words and
sentences4. To give response to the talk of the teacher5. To try to reproduce whatever he has listened
from the teacher6. To try to organize the ideas listened in speech
To enable pupils;1. To use proper pronunciation2. To use correct stress and intonation 3. To speak English grammatically correct4. To tell the answers of the questions asked by
the teacher5. To take part in debate and conversation6. To use proper vocabulary at proper place7. To speak English fluently
To enable pupils;1. To read English letters, words and sentences
correctly 2. To tell meaning of words and sentences
provided in the written form3. To read English with proper stress,
intonation, pronunciation.4. To read lessons silently and loudly.5. To read English with proper pauses.6. To read English properly
To enable pupils;1. To write English letters, words and sentences
correctly2. To use capital and small letters at the proper
places3. To use proper punctuation marks.4. To write answers correctly.5. To write composition on a simple topic6. To express thoughts and ideas in written form7. To write English grammatically correct8. To write English with proper speed.
Objectives of Teaching English at Primary Level
To enable pupils;• To understand English when spoken• To acquire reading ability and read the material that is
appropriate for his level• To acquire a vocabulary to use in day to day life• To make simple sentences in English• To speak with proper pronunciation• To respond to short conversational questions and to ask
questions himself• To write English legibly and coherently using proper
punctuation marks, correct spelling and capital and small letters
• To use English when he has to respond to calls, requests, greetings, etc
Objectives of Teaching English at Secondary Level
To enable students;• To speak English fluently, freely and accurately• To think in English and speak it with ease and frequently• To express their ideas in English in classroom, at school, at
home and in society.• To respond and react to situations actively• To compose freely and independently in speech and writing• To read books, newspapers and periodicals with
understanding.• To acquire a vocabulary that should include phrases and
idioms. • To use reference material, like encyclopedia, dictionaries,
reference books, etc
Objectives of Teaching English at University Level
To enable scholars;• To introduce English literature• To enable the pupils to enjoy wider thoughts
and emotional pleasure of others• To acquaint them with literary persons, their
work, their thoughts and experiences• To enable them to select and appreciate
beauties and ideas contained in prose and poetry.
• To develop critical thinking and spirit of inquiry• To develop international understanding
Difference between Method and Approach
Method
• A method is a way of presenting a subject matter before students.
• A method deals with ‘how to teach?’
• Methods of teaching English: Grammar-Translation Method, Direct Method, Bilingual Method, Dr. West’s Reading Method.
Approach• An approach is a philosophical
standpoint, a point of view of looking towards language learning.
• An approach deals with ‘What to teach?’
• Approaches of teaching English: Communicative Approach, Structural Approach, Situational Approach, Aural-Oral Approach.
Grammar Translation Method – Karl PlotzTranslation Method/Traditional Method/ Classical Method
Time saving Economical
Increase vocabulary
No need of teaching aids
Develop Translation
Grammar systematically
taught
Unnatural method
Dull & mechanical
Ignore habit formation
Student remain passive
Neglect Communication
Emphasize Grammar
Direct Method - Francois gouin (1880) Art of teaching and learningCharles Berlitz
International Phonetic Association of France
Natural method
Audio-visual aids
Stress Active
participation of students
Saves time and energy wested in translation
Difficult for explanation
Mother tongue is
prohibited
Time consuming
Not suitable – Crowded Classes
Not suitable for average
teachers
Bilingual Method – C.D.DodsonProfessor in University of Wales, 1962 ‘The Bilingual Method’
Practice & Drill
Save time in explaination
Direct Method + GTM
Avoid demerits of
Direct Method
Ability of translation
Needs trained teacher
Need Efforts
Need Audio-visual aids
Students pay more
attention to the mother
tougue
Reading Method – Dr. West’s MethodPrincipal, Training college in Dhaka. Director of Education, Pre-partition Bengal
Develop Reading skill
Useful for lower grade
teachers
Develop comprehension
Develop interest in Reading
Unnatural method
Over-emphasize on
reading
Neglect other skills
Dull & Monotonous
Eclectic Method
Merits of all method
Avoid demerits of all method
Increase Active participation of
students
Applicable at various levels
All skills can be developed
Need trained teachers
Time consuming
Structural Approach
Stress Habit formation
Active participation
Stress on speech
Useful in crowded classes
Other skills neglected
Knowledge of mother tongue
is unutilized
Dull & Boring
• S-V Subject-VerbJohn sleeps.Jill is eating.Jack will arrive next week
• S-V-OSubject-Verb-ObjectI like rice.She loves her job.He’s eating an orange.
Aural-Oral Approach
Natural approach
Fluent English
Audio-visual aids
Reading neglected
Writing neglected
Need trained teachers
Skill based approach
Equal importance to
all skills
Natural pattern
Learner centered
Useful at primary level
Resourceful teacher
Need audio-visual aids
Difficult in crowded classes
Communicative Approach
Develops listening & speaking
Develops Vocabulary
Maximum Opportunity
Creates confidence
Reading and writing are neglected
Not useful in crowded classes
Poor Vocabulary may create problems
Situational Approach
Natural method
Stress Listening & Speaking
Co-relation language –
day to day life
Develops Vocabulary
Need trained teachers
Need more time
Need more space
Problems of Crowded classes
Direct Method (Language Learning) Vs Indirect Method (Language Acquisition)
• Used for teaching knowledge acquisition
• Teacher Centered• Teacher is lecturer• Full class / Large group
instruction• Teach English as a subject• Focus on rules• Examples of Direct
Methods: GTM, Bilingual Method, Direct Method, etc.
• Used for teaching skills and to help learner to acquire behavior
• Student centered• Teacher is facilitator• Small group instruction• Teach English as a Language• Focus on use• Examples of Indirect Method:
Communicative teaching, Aural – oral method / approach, situational method/ approach, etc
Sayyad Aman UbedAsst. Professor,
Department of Education & Training, MANUU, Hyderabad
Email at: [email protected]