Message Given By The French RevolutionOn The Basis Of Education &

Democracy

INDEXSlide 1 – The French Revolution

Slide 2–Educational problems in French society till revolution

Slide 3 - Educational reforms

Slide 4 – Conclusion……..

Slide 5 – Democratic problems in French society till revolution

Slide 6- Democratic changes

Slide 7– Conclusion......

Slide 8 – Photo gallery

The French RevolutionThe period of the French Revolution (1789-1799) is not noted for its stability, either of policy or of government, and it may be a surprise to the average reader that this period dealt with education at all. While most literature concentrates on the activities surrounding foreign policy and internal conflicts, the fact is that the leaders of the Revolution were very concerned with education. This was seen early in the Revolutionary period, in the cahiers that had been requested by Louis XVI. These cahiers consisted of grievances and/or suggestions for improvement. While the cahiers of the third estate (workers and peasants) seldom mentioned education, those of the first and second estates (clergy, nobility) often called for improvements in the educational system. Later, in 1793, the Convention established the Committee of Public Instruction, and charged it with reordering education in France. It is not surprising that the destructive tendencies of the other components of the Revolution were carried out in education as well. That which existed had to go, simply because it had existed before the Revolution.

Problems before Revolution…

Second estates (clergy, nobility) often called for improvements in the educational system.

While education was not mentioned in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

First, the system of education being developed was very centralized.

Most of the education provided was religious in nature.

The education was provided to very tiny elite. In order to get taught one had to get the

permission of the bishop.

Reforms After the revolution the action soon followed with the decree that

teacher training was now the top educational priority. The curriculum for these school centrals consisted of literature,

languages, science, and the arts. The decree establishing the echoless centrals also provided that

The age-range of the pupils will be from eleven or twelve to seventeen or eighteen every school is to have one professor for each

The teaching throughout will be in French. Every month there is to be a public lecture dealing with the latest advances in science and the useful arts. Every central school is to have attached to it a public library, a garden and a natural history collection, as well as a collection of scientific apparatus and of machines and models relating to arts and crafts.

There were also some independent schools known as institutes, which were more or less the equivalent of the colleges. This system was not, of course, uniquely

But then also !!!As stated earlier, the purpose of education went beyond the need for an educated elite. In spite of all that has been recounted here, by the end of the 18th century the position of public education in France especially that of the central schools was weaker than one might have expected. Numerous problems existed, including a shortage of qualified teachers and, more importantly, a shortage of qualified students.

Conclusion It is clear that the new system of education introduced by

Napoleon had more than one purpose. It was intended, of course, to provide an educated elite that could help run the country and the military. It was also designed to provide for an increased middle class; a middle class that would be successful and hence non-revolutionary.

It was a continuously slow step by step change . At last it was successful.

The best thing was what Napoleon declared: Of all our institutions public education is the most

important. Everything depends on it, the present and the future. It is essential that the morals and political ideas of the generation which is now growing up should no longer be dependent upon the news of the day or the circumstances of the moment. Above all we must secure unity: we must be able to cast a whole generation in the same mould.

Democratic Problems

1.People were derived from the rights of equality, liberty ,and fraternity.

2.People cannot cast their vote individually ,i.e. each estate had one vote.

3.Their was monarchy prevailing.4.People cannot express their views .5.The citizens had no right to say in the decisions.6.They cannot question the decision makers.7. The order given by the king had to follow.

DEMOCRATIC CHANGESSome of the democratic changes brought by French Revolution are ;-

The most important change was that , one man has one vote .

Separation of power within the members of Government , i.e. power shall be divided among judiciary, executive &legislature.

Right to enjoy the basic privileges of livelihood. Right to life . Right to freedom of expressions. End of censorship over articles , news headlines , pamphlets

etc. Equality before law . Women were able to vote.

Liberty The notion of

individual human rights

A new type of government in which the people are sovereign

The importance of a representative assembly

The importance of a written constitution

The notion of self-determination

Freedom to accumulate property

Conclusion

So, through French Revolution the idea of freedom , abolition of monarchy was spread. Changes in society were brought in terms of social , political and economical policies. Gaining equality ,liberty , and fraternity was their aim in which they succeeded through a long yet active procedures. We owe them for the path they showed us in rights of men , women and citizen…..

Acknowledgement It is a matter of great pleasure & pride for me to introduce you all this S.S.T. presentation “Message given by the French revolution on the basis of education & democracy” .This project has not only helped me understand the topics clearly but also developed &sharpen my skills.

I would like to thank our teacher Mrs. Mina Sahoo for this interesting project. It is her inspiration that has encouraged us to bring up this presentation. I hope ,with our earnest efforts ,this project will surely express my understanding towards the subject .