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Math in the Elementary ClassroomBy: Jessica Theis

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+Main Operations of Math

Addition

Subtraction

Multiplication

Division

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+Addition

Numbers or quantities are combined to form a new number or quantity

Sign indicating addition looks like this: +

Words indicating addition: sum, total, plus, increase, gain, more

Reference: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Keywords-for-Mathematical-Operations.topicArticleId-8823,articleId-8818.html

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+Basic Rules of Addition

a+b=b+a 2+3=3+2

a+0=a 8+0=8

2+1=3 +1=the number following it

7+2=9 +2=skip counting going up

Reference: http://www.teach-nology.com/forum/showthread.php?t=2951

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+Examples of Addition

Examples:

2+1=3

9+0=9

6+2=8

+Subtraction

A number or quantity is taken away from the group

Sign indicating subtraction: -

Words indicating subtraction: difference, minus, decrease, loss, less, fewer, take away

Reference: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Keywords-for-Mathematical-Operations.topicArticleId-8823,articleId-8818.html

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+Basic Rules of Subtraction

a-0=a

a-a=0

6-1=5 -1=the number preceding it

7-2=5 -2=skip counting going down

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+Examples of Subtraction

Examples:

6-3=?

10-0=?

5-2=?

+Multiplication

Describes scaling one number or quantity by another number or quantity

Sign indicating multiplication: x or *

Words indicating multiplication: multiply, product, times

Reference: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Keywords-for-Mathematical-Operations.topicArticleId-8823,articleId-8818.html

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+Basic Rules of Multiplication

a x b = b x a

a x 10=a0

a*1=a

*2=double the number

x 5=counting by 5’s

*9=hand trick

Reference: http://www.dadsworksheets.com/v1/Strategies/eight_rules_of_multiplication.html

Picture: http://www.study-skills-for-all-ages.com/image-files/multiplication_flashcard_color.gif

+Examples of Multiplication:

7*1=7

4 x 2=8

1*10=10

+Division

A number or quantity is broken into a certain number of groups creating a new number

Sign indicating division looks like this: / or ÷

Words indication division: quotient, divide

Reference: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Keywords-for-Mathematical-Operations.topicArticleId-8823,articleId-8818.html

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+Basic Rules of Division

0/a=0

a÷1=a

Divisible by 2: last digit ends in 0,2,4,6,or 8

Divisible by 3: sum of digits are divisible by 3

Divisible by 4: last 2 digits are divisible by 4

Divisible by 5: last digit is 0 or 5

Reference: http://www.basic-mathematics.com/divisibility-rules.html

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+Basic Rules of Division Part 2

Divisible by 6: has to be divisible by 2 AND 3

Divisible by 7: Take away last digit and double it and subract it from remaining digits. If that number is divisble by 7, the the original number is divisible by 7.

Divisible by 8: last three digits are divisible by 8

Divisible by 9: sum of digits is divisible by 9

Divisible by 10: last digit is 0

References http://www.basic-mathematics.com/divisibility-rules.html

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+Examples of Division

Examples:

6/3=2

4÷1=4

0/7=0