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Mary's South Dakota
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South Dakota A to Z by Mary
ASouth Dakota’s biggest industry is agriculture. We produce wheat, corn, alfalfa, soybeans, cattle, pigs, and sheep to name a few.
BThe Bison once numbered 60,000,000. The white pioneers, hunters, and soldiers hunted and killed until the population declined to under 1,000. Today they are back to 250,000 and protected by federal law.
CThese Sioux Indian Chiefs fought for the land west of the Missouri River to Montana to remain Indian land. The Laramie Treaty was broken by the government and the Natives were forced off.
DGold was discovered near Deadwood and Lead in 1876. Deadwood soon became known as one of the “Wildest Towns in the West”- home to Wild Bill Hickock and “Calamity Jane”- known as a sharpshooter.
EBig Stone Lake is the point of lowest elevation (below sea level) at 962 ft. The highest point is Harney Peak in the Black Hills (above sea level) at 7,242 ft.
FSouth Dakota became the fortieth state in the United States in 1889. Dakota Territory became North Dakota and South Dakota. No one knows for sure which state was really first because President Harrison shuffled the papers. North Dakota came first alphabetically so it was named the thirty-ninth state.
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GThe Great Dakota Boom was the discovery of gold in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Mining towns sprang up and were populated by gold seekers. (1874)
HThe Homestead Act of 1862 gave 160 acres of free land to settlers (home steaders) if they built a home and lived on the land for at least five years.
I Most South Dakotans have European roots. Immigrants from, Germany, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark make up the ancestry of many South.
JJames (Wild Bill) Butler Hickok was the fastest shot in the West. He was shot and killed by Jack McCall. Seven months later Jack McCall was hanged for the crime
KKorczak Ziol Dowski began work on the Crazy Horse monument in the Black Hills. When completed, it will be the largest sculpture in the world.
LLewis and Clark’s expedition, known as the Corps of Discovery, entered what is now South Dakota on August 21,1804. They spent fifty-four days here
MMount Rushmore was carved by Gutzom Borglum and his son. The four presidents chosen for the monument for the monument were: Abraham Lincoln, who held the country together during the Civil War, George Washington, who represents the beginning of our nation, Teddy Roosevelt, who allowed the building of the Panama Canal, and Thomas Jefferson, who purchased the Louisiana territory.
NThe number of counties in South Dakota equal 66. Each country has a country seat where country government offices are located- the courthouse. We live in Yankton county. Yankton is the county seat.
O Oscar Howe was one of South Dakota’s famous artists. He was born on the Crow Creek Indian Reservation in 1915. He taught at USD.
PIn 1889 Pierre became the state capital. It had a small population and not much commerce, but it was located in the center of the state.
QA quick factoid: Belle Fourche, SD is the geographic center of the United States
RNine reservations in South Dakota opened up new land for non-native people
Oahe Big Bend
Fort Randall
Gavins Point
Montana
NorthDakota
Wyoming
Nebraska
Kansas
Missouri
Iowa
SouthDakota
Colorado
Missouri River Reservoir SystemBig Bend Dam and Lake Sharpe Reservoir
Oahe Dam and Oahe Reservoir
Gavins Point Dam and Lewis and Clark Reservoir
Fort Randall Dam and Lake Francis Case Reservoir
s
TTerry Peak and Deer Mountain are enjoyed for snow skiing near the town of Lead in the Black Hills
UThe underground world in South Dakota takes us to Jewel Cave and Wind Cave in the Black Hills. They are the third and seventh longest in the world. Jewel Cave is 122 miles long and Wind Cave is 93 miles long.
VThe Verendrye brothers were two French explorers who buried a lead plate in what is now Pierre, South Dakota and claimed it for France.(1743)
WOne of the saddest events in the Indian Wars of the West was the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1870. Nearly three hundred Natives, including women and children, were killed. This led to the Natives moving onto Reservations. (1890)
XExplorers in South Dakota (that were the earliest known) came from Europe. In 1743, the Verendrye Brothers left a lead plate near Fort Pierre.
YYankton was the capital of Dakota Territory from 1861-1883
Z
Zitkala –Sa, a Yankton Dakota Sioux, was born in 1876 and died in 1938. She became active in working for women’s rights in Washington,D.C. when women had no power or influence. She was also known as Gertrude Simmons Bonnin.
FactoidSome south Dakota historical figures are: Crazy Horse (Sioux Chief), Hubert Humphrey (U.S. Vice President); Paul Goble and Laura Ingalls (authors); and Billy Mills (Olympic Gold Medal winning track star)
Famous South Dakotans