INDIAS MISSION TO

MARS

(MANGALYYAAN)

Interesting Facts#1. Cheapest Mars Mission Ever.

India’s Mars mission – the Mars Orbiter Mission – or as

informally known: Mangalyaan - is built with a cost of

Rs. 454 crores (that is around Rs.4 per Indian, Rs. 12 per km). It is the cheapest

Mars mission, ever!

#2. Developed and deployed in just 15 months.

While ISRO has been researching for a Mars mission since

years, the project was only approved by the government in

August 2012. It took ISRO just a little over a year to put

together the spacecraft and the project.

#3. Launch a satellite = Gully Cricket;

Moon mission = Ranji Cricket;

Mars mission? International cricket.

#4. A trip to Mars = 73,791+ trips from Jammu to

Kanyakumari!

#5. It takes 14 minutes for a signal to reach Mars!

• Established in 1969

• Primary space agency of india.

• Amongst the largest government space agencies in the world.

• Primary objective is to advance space technology and use its applications

for national benefit.

• It built India's first satellite, Aryabhata, which was launched by the Soviet

Union on 19 April in 1975.

• It is known as the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called

Mangalyaan.

• Mars Orbiter Mission is India's first interplanetary mission to planet Mars

with an orbiter craft designed to orbit Mars in an elliptical orbit.

• The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series

of seven altitude-raising orbital manoeuvres before trans-Mars injection

• The mission is a "technology demonstrator”

• Travelling at a speed of 1.55 km per second, Mangalyan ,crossed half way

to Mars on 9 April 2014.

• The spacecraft is being currently monitored from the Spacecraft Control

Centre at ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) in

Bangalore with support from Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) antennae

at Byalalu.

Control station of Mangalyaan: Bangalore

A. Technological Objectives:

• Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.

• Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.

• B. Scientific Objectives:

Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.

PSLV(POLAR SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLE)

• The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle commonly

known by its abbreviation PSLV, is an expendable

launch system developed and operated by the Indian

Space Research Organization (ISRO).

It was developed to allow India to launch

its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites

into sun synchronous orbits

TEAM

• Some of the scientists working on the Mars Orbiter Mission project are:

• 1. K. Radhakrishan – Chairman, ISRO• 2. A. S. Kiran Kumar – Director, SAC• 3. Mylswamy Annadurai – Programme Director, MOM• 4. B. S. Chandrashekar – Director, ISTRAC• 5. P. Robert – Operations Director, MOM• 6. Subbiah Arunan – Project Director, MOM• 7. V. Kesavaraju – Post-Launch Mission Director, MOM• 8. P. Ekambaram – Operations Director, MOM• 9. P. Kunhikrishnan – Launch Mission Director, PSLV-XL• 10. S. K. Shivkumar – Orbiting payload Director, ISAC• 11. B. Jayakumar – Launch Vehicle Director, PSLV

SPACECRAFT ( BASIC DETAILS )

The lift-off mass was 1,350 kg (2,980 lb), including 852 kg

(1,878 lb) of propellant mass.

Cuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 m (4 feet 11 inches).

Electric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m (5 ft. 11 in × 4 ft. 7 in) each (7.56 m2 (81.4 sq. ft.) total), for a maximum of 840 W generation in Martian orbit. Electricity is stored in a 36 Ah Li-ion battery.

Liquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for orbit raising and insertion in Martian orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22 N thrusters for attitude control or orientation.

Two 230 W TWTAs and two coherent transponders. The antenna array consists of a low-gain antenna, a medium-gain antenna and a high-gain antenna. The High-gain antenna system is based on a single 2.2-metre reflector illuminated by a feed at S-band. It is used to transmit and receive the telemetry, tracking, commanding and data to and from the Indian Deep Space Network.

Lyman-Alpha Photometer (LAP) – a photometer that measures the relative abundance of deuterium and hydrogen from Lyman-alpha emissions in the upper atmosphere. Measuring the deuterium/hydrogen ratio will allow an estimation of the amount of water loss to outer space.

Methane Sensor For Mars (MSM) – will measure methane in the atmosphere of Mars, if any, and map its sources. Particle environment studies.

Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) – is a quadruple mass analyser capable of analysing the neutral composition of particles in the exosphere.Surface imaging studies

Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS) – will measure the temperature and emissivity of the Martian surface, allowing for the mapping of surface composition and mineralogy of Mars.

Mars Colour Camera (MCC) – will provide images in the visual spectrum, providing context for the other instruments.

MSM (Methane Sensor For Mars )

Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft being prepared for a prelaunch test at Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Srihairkota.

Loading Spacecraft for Thermovacuum Test in Large Space Simulation Chamber

First image of the Earth by Mars Color Camera (MCC) of Mars Orbiter Spacecraft taken onNov 19, 2013 at 13:50 hrs. (IST) from 67975 km altitude with a resolution of 3.53 km.

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