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This presentation is submitted to pro. S.K. Srivastava, Director of institute of business management (Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj University, kanpur)
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GROUP NAME:- F.W.TAYLOR
Compiled byAnuj PratapIBM(C.S.J.M.U.)
Kanpur
Frederick Winslow Taylor (March 20, 1856 – March 21, 1915) was an American mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency. He is regarded as the father of scientific management and was one of the first management consultants. Taylor was one of the intellectual leaders of the Efficiency Movement and his ideas, broadly conceived, were highly influential in the Progressive Era.
ABOUT F.W.TAYLOR
MANAGEMENT THOUGHT
Why study Management
Theory?
Anshu Singh
What is management theory?
Why is management theory important?
Why is management theories important?
Evaluation of Management Thought
CLASSICAL SCHOOLNEO CLASICAL SCHOOLMODERN SCHOOL
-:Administrative approach
-: Scientific management
-:Bureaucratic approach
-:Human relationapproach
-:BehaviouralScience
approach
-:Systemapproach
-:Continge-ncy
approch
CLASSICAL APPROACH Classical theorists formulated principles for setting up and managing organizations. These views are labeled “classical” because they form the foundation for the field of management thought.
THE THREE MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS OF THE CLASSICAL APPROACH
Bureaucratic Approach-:Max weber
Scientific Management -: F. W. Taylor
Administrative Approach-: Henry Fayol
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT / CONTRIBUTION OF TAYLOR
The concept of scientific management was introduced by Fredrick Winslow Taylor in USA in the beginning of 20th century.
According to Taylor, “ Scientific management is concerned with knowing exactly what you want men to do and then see in that they do it in the best and cheapest way.”
TAYLOR’S 4 PRINCIPAL OF MANAGEMENT
:-Develop a science for each element of an individual’s work.:-Scientifically select and then training teaching development of the works.:-Heartily cooperate with the workers so as to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principal of the science has been developed.:-Divide work and responsibility almost equally between management and which it is better salted than the workers.
ADMINISTRATIVE APPROACH/CONTRIBUTION OF HENRY
FAYOL
Henry Fayol, a French industrialist, has been regarded as the real father of modern management. He reduced his ideas based on practical experiences in his book, ‘Administration industrialle at Generali, published in 1916 in French language.
Neo Classical Approach
Fayol divided the activities of an industry into 6 groups-:-Technical:-Commercial:-Financial:-Security:-Accounting:-Managerial These activities are common all organization, whether big or small.
Fayol’s principle of Management1. Division of work2. Authority and responsibility3. Discipline4. Unity of command5. Unity of direction6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest7. Remuneration of personnel8. Centralization9. Scalar chain10. Order11. Equity12. Stability of tenure13. Initiative14. Esprit de corps
Discussion Question Which of the following is the most
important aspect of Fayol’s principles of management?
A. Division of Labor
B. Unity of Command
C. Remuneration of Personnel
D. Esprit de corps
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy is an administrative system designed to accomplish large-scale administrative task by systematically co-ordinating the work of many individuals.
Characteristics of bureaucracy
-:Division of work-:Hierarchy of Position-:Rules and Regulations-:Impersonal Relationship-:Official records
MAX WABERThe great German sociologist and
political economist was born on 21 April 1864.
He worked in the field of economics sociology, history, law, politics and philosophy at the university of Berlin, Vienna and university of Munich.
On 14 jun 1920 he left the word due to pneumonia.
Bureaucracy / Contribution of Max Weber
Max weber’s main contribution to management is his theory of authority structure and his description of organi- zations based on the nature of autority relations within them.
There are three type of legitimate authority which run as follows-
1. Rational-Legal authority2. Traditional authority3. Charismatic authority
Neo classical Approach
It is also called BEHAVIORAL APPROACH. The behavioral approach to management began with the ‘Howthorne experiment’.
Q- Why behavioral approach developed?
a) Classical approach did not achieve total efficiency and workplace harmony.
b) Managers still encountered problem because workers didn’t always behave as they were supposed to.
Two branches: 1) Human Relations Approach
2) Behavioral Sciences Approach
-:Focus on the social environment of a job-:Refers to the manner in which managers interact with subordinates-:Managers must know why subordinates behave as they do-:Importance of individuals in success or failure of an organization-:Management should recognize employees’ need for recognition and social acceptance-:Management should look on work group as a positive force.
Human Relations Approach
Contribution of ELTON MAYO
Hawthorne Experiment
Four phases Illumination experiment Relay room experiment Bank wiring observation Interview program
Employees are motivated by social
needs and association with others
Employees’ performance is more a result of peer
pressure than management’s incentives
and rules
Managers need to involve subordinates in coordinating their
work to improve efficiency
Employees want to participate in decisions
that affect them
Effect of Hawthorne Studies
Snapshot
“Teamwork is one of the most beautifulexperiences in life. Teamwork is ourcore value and a primary way that theContainer Store enriches the quality
of employees’ work life.”
Kip Tindell, President, The Container Store
Modern School
TYPES OF MODERN SCHOOL
1.SYSTEMS APPROACH2.CONTINGENCY APPROACH
SYSTEMS APPROACHExternal
environment
Input (Resources)HumanCapital
Materials
Transformation OutputProductServices
Feedback
CONCEPT
Sub SystemSynergyOpen & close SystemSystem BoundaryFlowFeed Back
CONTINGENCY APPROACH
Approaches depend on the variables of the situations
Draws on all past theories in attempting to analyze and solve problems
Is integrative Summarized as an “it all depends” device Tells managers to look to their experiences
and the past and to consider many options before choosing
Encourages managers to stay flexible
THANK YOU