Machine Operations

Machine Operations

• Machine operations are the activities or job a machine can perform. This presentation looks at the following machines:

Lathe MachineDrill PressMilling Machine

Lathe Machine Operation

• Turning• Knurling• Drilling/boring• Facing• etc

Turning

Turning is a machining process in which a cutting tool, typically a non-rotary tool bit, describes a helix toolpath by moving more or less linearly while the workpiece rotates.

Two type of turning ParallelTaperhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=8EsAxOnzEms

Knurling

• Knurling is a manufacturing process, typically conducted on a lathe, whereby a pattern of straight, angled or crossed lines is cut or rolled into the material.

Drilling

• The process of creating a hole in the work piece

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgqsjZJwce8

Facing

• facing is the act of cutting a face, which is a planar surface, onto the workpiece

Drill Press• Operations that can be performed in a drilling

machine are

Drilling Reaming Boring Counter boring Countersinking Tapping

Typical Drilling Processes

Reaming• A reamer enters the workpiece

axially and enlarges an existing hole to the diameter of the tool.

• A reamer is a multi-point tool that has many flutes, which may be straight or in a helix.

• Reaming removes a minimal amount of material and is often performed after drilling to obtain both a more accurate diameter and a smoother internal finish.

Counter sinking

• This is an operation of making the end of a hole into a conical shape.

• Cutting speed = half of the cutting speed of drilling for same hole.

Counter boring• This process involves

increasing the size of a hole at only one end.

• Cutting tool will have a small cylindrical portion called pilot.

• Cutting speed = two-thirds of the drilling speed for the same hole.

Spotfacing

spotface

Making a sloped surface flat

To seat a nut

Back spotface

Boring

• It is process carried on a drilling machine to increase the size of an already drilled hole.

• Initially a hole is drilled to the nearest size and using a boring tool the size of the hole is increased.

Tapping

• Process of cutting internal threads with a thread tool called tap.

Milling Machine

• Used to produce one or more machined surfaces accurately on work piece– One or more rotary milling cutters

• Work piece held on work table or holding device and brought into contact with cutter.

Operation done

• Face milling• End milling• Keyway cutting• Dovetail cutting• T-slot and circular

slot cutting

• Gear cutting• Drilling• Boring• Jig boring

Milling operation