Life Saving Innovations

Technology that Saves Life

• Technology has long been recognised as playing an important role in human development. Over the past four decades, there have been unprecedented innovations in technology. And yet, despite the best efforts of many people, poverty is still widespread and many poor people do not have access to the technology that could help them.

Technology that Saves Life

• New science-led technologies present some specific challenges, including the perceptions of high cost, high risk, high complexity and the lack of knowledge about what is available. Yet new technologies also present an enormous number of opportunities. By moving away from the entrenched systems of patents, production, and markets that older technologies are locked into, they can do things differently and more appropriately.

Technology that Saves Life• Vital issues like sustainable development, climate

change and democracy are all influenced by the role of science and technology in society. A major challenge is to release their public value and channel it to help reduce poverty in developing countries. The benefits that are generated by the use of science and technology should not be reaped solely by the market. Releasing this public value, in a global context, is one of the most significant and challenging issues facing societies throughout the world today.

Technology that Saves Life• Technology is far from neutral in relation to both

development and power. This has been apparent since long before the introduction of the current range of new technologies such as ICTs, biotechnology and nanotechnology.

Technology that Saves Life

• taking, as a fundamental axiom of appropriate technologies, the idea that they should serve the human person is a useful starting point for asking how they can contribute to solving some of the intractable problems of poverty.

• Efforts to solve the widespread contamination of drinking water by arsenic in the Bay of Bengal region – which affects the countries of Bangladesh, India and Nepal, where an estimated 64 million people are at risk – provide a good example of this principle.

Technology that Saves Life• The aim of this process is to deliver a new technology

that meets local needs. The emphasis has to be on understanding and solving a real problem, rather than on developing a new widget. And it pays to be ‘technologically agnostic’ about solutions. In the case of nanotechnology and water, the development of a new device which meets the requirements identified may come from a number of scientific disciplines, including synthetic biotechnology, and so we should remain open-minded.

Technology that Saves Life

• Sometimes an appropriate technology for solving a real human need may already be available in the market and only needs some adaptation before it can be used. Often, it has been found that a blend of old and new technologies can bring enormous benefits to people living in remote rural communities, and this is especially true of the use of available communications

Technology that Saves Life

• Implementing a more engaged approach will not be easy, just as changing the culture of an organisation is not easy. Solutions need to be driven by the poor communities themselves, so that they retain ownership. These kinds of actions need to be embedded in all international development efforts that aim to challenge poverty through the use of new technology.

Some local life saving Innovative Solutions for poor community

• Below are a handful of the many wonderful inventions that organizations and businesses are developing and utilizing to help the world’s poor.

Life-Straw

• The Life-Straw is a water filter designed to be used by one person to filter water for drinking. It filters a maximum of 1000 litres of water, enough for one person for one year. It removes almost all of waterborne bacteria and parasites.

Life-Straw

Life-Straw

• The Life-Straw water filters are designed by the Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen. While originally developed for people living in developing nations and for distribution in humanitarian crisis, the LifeStraw has gained popularity as a consumer product.

• The LifeStraw is now used as a tool for survivalists and packed in emergency preparedness kits

Life-Straw

• Life-Straw has been generally praised for its effective and instant method of bacteria and protozoa removal and consumer acceptability.

• Life-Straw are distributed as part of public health campaigns or in response to complex emergencies by NGOs and organizations that give them away for free in the developing world.

• Life-Straw has been praised in the international media and won several awards including the 2008 Saatchi & Saatchi Award for World Changing Ideas, the ‘IDEX: 2005’ International Design Award and "Best Invention of 2005" by Time Magazine. The LifeStraw was featured in the Museum of Modern Art in New York

Life-Straw

Life-Straw

Life-Saver bottle

• The Lifesaver bottle is a portable water purification device. • After the 2004 Asian Tsunami and Hurricane Katrina disaster in

the U.S., Michael Pritchard, a water-treatment expert in Ipswich, England began to develop the Lifesaver bottle after hearing the idea from Dr. Zackary Kepes and Austin Castellano.Pritchard presented a prototype of the Lifesaver at 2007's DSEi London, where the product was named "Best Technological Development". Pritchard's entire stock of 1,000 bottles sold out within four hours of the presentation.

• Speaking at TED in 2009, Pritchard estimated that by using the Lifesaver bottle, reaching the Millennium Development Goals of halving the number of people without drinking water will cost $8 billion; while $20 billion would provide drinking water for everyone on Earth

Michael Pritchard, Inventor

Life-Saver bottle

Life-Saver bottle

• In 2007, the LifeSaver bottle was tested by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and the results found it to completely filter out all bacteria and viruses.

• Use• The bottle's interchangeable filter can purify between 4,000 and

6,000 litres (1,050 to 1,585 gallons) before it stops working and needs to be replaced. It filters out objects bigger than 15 nanometres—including viruses, bacteria, and heavy metals. The carbon filter does not require chemicals.

• The process of filtering the water takes 20 seconds, allowing for 0.71 litres (1.5 pints) of water to be filtered.

• Once a filter has reached its limit, it will not allow contaminated water to be drunk. The Livesaver bottle has been used by soldiers for drinking water as well as cleaning wounds.

Life-Saver Bottle

Life-Saver bottle

• To filter the water, one puts contaminated water in the back of the bottle, then screws the lid on. The lid has a built in pump which is operated manually with a hand; the pumping action forces the contaminated water through the nano-filter and safe drinking water collects in another chamber in the bottle. The drinker then opens the top of the bottle from which safe drinking water comes out.

• A much larger version of the Lifesaver bottle, called the Lifesaver Jerrycan, has the same filtering technology. The can allows for the filtration of 10,000 to 20,000 litres (2,650 to 5,300 gallons). One jerrycan filter can provide water for four people over a three-year span.

• Limits• The bottle can be used to filter urine and will remove all microbiological

contamination. However there will be an amount of dissolved salts that can not be removed. Metals such as iron, and salt from salt water cannot be removed effectively, either.

Michael PritchardInventor

• With cutting-edge nanotech, Michael Pritchard's Lifesaver water-purification bottle could revolutionize water-delivery systems in disaster-stricken areas around the globe.

• What others say• “On the outside, it looks like an ordinary sports bottle.

On the inside, there's a miracle: an extremely advanced filtration system that makes murky water filled with deadly viruses and bacteria completely clean in just seconds.” — Allison Barrie, FoxNews.com

Kite Patch

Kite Mosquito Patch• The Kite Mosquito Patch is a concept of a product of

small patch that is worn on a person's clothing and protects the wearer against mosquito bites.

• The Kite Patch disperses non-toxic compounds that block mosquitoes' ability to track and detect humans.

• Developers of the patch have reported that the wearer effectively becomes "invisible to mosquitoes", and is protected for up to 48 hours at a time. T

• he company has the goal that the Kite Patch to be market-ready in 2017.

Kite Patch

Kite Patch

• The initial discovery of the compounds used in Kite Patch was led by scientist Dr. Anandasankar Ray and his team from the University of California, Riverside, with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health. Their findings were published in the Nature journal in 2011. The Kite Patch could help protect against malaria, as well as West Nile virus, dengue fever, and other mosquito-borne diseases

Kite Patch

Anandasankar Ray, PhDDr. Anandasankar Ray• Dr. Anandasankar Ray is an Associate

Professor and Associate Entomologist at the College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Riverside. He received his Ph.D. in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology at Yale University.

• Recently, Dr. Ray disclosed a new invention (UC Case Number 2013-403). The invention can be used as insect repellent that is affordable and safe for human use.

Hippo water roller

• The Hippo water roller, or Hippo roller, is a device for carrying water more easily and efficiently than traditional methods, particularly in the developing world. It consists of a barrel-shaped container which holds the water and can roll along the ground, and a handle attached to the axis of the barrel. Currently deployed in rural Africa, its simple and purpose-built nature makes it an example of appropriate technology.

Hippo water roller

• The steel handle allows the roller to be pushed or pulled over difficult and very rough terrain. The overall width of the roller with handle attached was determined by measuring the average width of a standard doorway and sized to allow it to be pulled through freely.

• During development a water filled roller was drawn behind a vehicle over a dirt road at 20 km/h for 15 km without any significant signs of wear on both the roller outer surface or pivot cavities.

• The roller is rounded at the shoulders to simplify tilting when wanting to pour from the full roller. However, the roller is also very stable in the upright position when it rests on a small, flat surface. The roller has hand grips at the bottom and top to make emptying the container easier.

Hippo water roller

Hippo water roller

• The barrel, originally called "Aqua Roller", was the brainchild of two engineers, Pettie Petzer and Johan Jonker of South Africa

• Petzer and Jonker were recognized for their work on the Hippo Roller in 1997 with the "Design for Development Award" by the South African Bureau of Standards and its Design Institute

Hippo water roller

Pee PooPee Poople – Silly Name, Serious Impact

• Getting rid of human waste could prevent many diseases in poor communities. The organization “Pee Poople” has developed a way of cleanly and cheaply doing away with pee and poo, while also creating valuable fertilizer for local crops to simultaneously protect and feed the world’s poor.

• Not only does the Peepoo “toilet” do away with waste, it does so in a uniquely sanitary way.

Pee Poople

Pee Poople• Weighing only 10 grams, the Peepoo toilet, or

baggy, is made up of a slim, biodegradable bag with an inner layer that pulls out into a wide funnel. The inner layer is used to catch waste and then be tied into a knot, which fits into the Peepoo baggy.

• The outer layer will not decompose until the harmful pathogens and communicable bacteria in the waste have been deactivated by urea, which may take up to four weeks depending on temperature.

Pee Poople

Pee Poople

• Because the Peepoo toilet is self-contained, it can be disposed of at the user’s own convenience. This element of the design, and the fact that the toilet remains odorless for approximately 24 hours, allows individuals and communities to store the waste in a manner that maximizes its potential for use as fertilizer. In turn, the initial problem becomes a boon to the local economy.

Pee Poople

Pee Poople

• Today, more than 2.6 billion people lack access to basic sanitation. At this moment, 40% of the world’s population lack access to even the simplest latrine.

• Peepoo is a personal, single-use, self-sanitising, fully biodegradable toilet that prevents faeces from contaminating the immediate area as well as the surrounding ecosystem. After use, Peepoo turns into valuable fertiliser that can improve livelihoods and increase food security.

Pee Poople

Life Sack

Many areas of the world the water crisis is not an issue of scarcity — it’s an issue of providing access to a clean supply. To assist the third world in confronting this issue, three industrial designers — Jung Uk Park, Myeong Hoon Lee, and Dae Youl Lee — have come up with the Life Sack, an ingenious water purification device that doubles as a container for shipping grains and other food staples. Once the food has been received, the sack can be used as a solar water purification kit.

Life Sack

Life Sack

• To filter contaminated water the Life Sack uses SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection Process) technology: UV-A-radiation and the bag’s thermal treatment process work together to kill deadly microorganisms and bacteria in water. As an added bonus, the sack can also be worn as a backpack for quick and easy movement from the source to the community, and carries up to 20 litres of water.

Life Sack

Life Sack

Life Sack

Life SackAbout the Founder• Jung Uk Park, Myeong Hoon Lee, and Dae Youl Lee are the

industrial designers behind Life Sack- the ingenious water purification device. Outraged by the existence of so many starving communities with no access to clean water, these three Korean designers put their heads together to see how they could easily create an impact that would have scalability and massive reach.

• They saw that many NGOs were delivering food to remote communities through conventional bags. The designers knew that they could create a better bag that could do so much more. So they created the Life Sack, and went to NGOs to have them replace their conventional food bags with a Life Sack

Life Sack

Life Sack• The Life Sack could be used to ship grains and other

food staples, but then comes the innovative part. • Once the communities stored the food, the bag could

work as a water purifier.• These innovators saw a need, and understood that they

could do more with what was already in existence. • By replacing conventional bags, these innovators not

only allow for convenient food supply to remote communities, but the simple purification of their drinking water.

SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection Process) technology

Life Sack Is Not Your Ordinary Grain Sack

• The main problem of third world’s crisis is to get food and fresh water supply. World wide charities such as World Vision have sent common supplies such as grain, packed in sacks.

• Based on this information, three Korean industrial designers have ingenious idea to redesign the sack. Life Sack is a sack that can also work as a water purifier kit. After grain is stored, they can reuse the sacks to purify water. Life Sack uses SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection Process) technology to filter contaminated water. The UV-A-radiation and thermal treatment will kill deadly microorganisms and bacteria in water. It is hoped that this design can help providing more sufficient amount of clean water for the people in Africa.

Plumpy’nut

• The product is the brainchild of French pediatrician named André Briend.

• Briend was part of a band of doctors in the 1990’s that was extremely frustrated and disheartened with the lack of effective treatment for malnutrition.

• At the time, the typical treatment for acute malnutrition involved administering a watery mixture to patients through tubes in hospitals. However, this 30 year-old practice failed to save 20 percent to 60 percent of patients. After years of trial and error and experiments, Plumpy’Nut was born in 1998.

French Pediatrician André Briend.

Plumpy’nut

Plumpy’nut

• A paste made of peanut butter, powdered milk, powdered sugar and enriched with vitamins and minerals, Plumpy’Nut is remarkably simple.

• In food aid terms, it is a “Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food,” which means that it does not require refrigeration, water or cooking. It also has a shelf life of two years.

Plumpy’nut

• Plumpy’Nut’s revolution is tied to the fact that it can be administered anywhere by anyone–children who are old enough can feed, and thus treat, themselves.

• This spares patients and aid agencies huge health care costs they would have otherwise incurred seeking treatment in hospitals or feeding centers. More importantly, though, it also spares extremely weak and vulnerable patients the exposure to deadly pathogens omnipresent in developing world health facilities.

• That Plumpy’Nut does not require water also spares lives as clean drinking water is often not available or extremely limited.

Plumpy’nut

Plumpy’nut

• Plumpy’Nut’s continued expansion brings hope to the world’s most vulnerable populations. Most acute child malnutrition occurs in tandem with other disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, violent conflict, and droughts.

Plumpy’nut

Plumpy’nut

• Plumpy'Nut is a peanut-based paste in a plastic wrapper for treatment of severe acute malnutrition manufactured by a French company, Nutriset. Removing the need for hospitalization, the 92-gram packets of this paste can be administered at home and allow larger numbers to be treated.

• Plumpy'Nut may be referred to in scientific literature as a Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF)

André Briend

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation • How One Man’s Simple Low-Cost Tools Are Helping

Millions of Farmers Tackle Climate Change in India

• International Development Enterprises-India (IDEI), founded in 2001, makes and sells low-cost irrigation tools that has helps marginalised farmers increase their crop yield, cultivate during the dry season and lift themselves out of poverty. Till date, the organization has helped one million farming households, spread over 17 states, increase their annual income!

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

• In 1991, Amitabhs Sadangi, who has a degree in law and social development, left his secure government job to start working on the nebulous concept of inexpensive micro-irrigation system. The result was International Development Enterprises India, or IDEI, launched in 2001, with Sadangi as chief executive.

Amitabha Sadangi

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation • Sadangi knew that though irrigation technologies were

available in the country, most were costly and were meant to be used by large farmers on huge tracts. However, India mostly had (and still has) subsistence farmers who till less than two hectares. Sadangi wanted to reach out to them by creating simple and low-cost irrigation techniques that suited small plots. Micro-irrigation was the answer.

• “Farming in India is planned around the monsoon. But that allows farmers to grow only one crop. If they have a reliable system of irrigation throughout the year, they can grow more than one crop on their land. Also, affordability is crucial. Marginalised farmers cannot invest much more than their labour”, he says, explaining the idea behind his initiative.

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation • Sadangi heard about the manually operated treadle pumps

of Bangladesh, bought two and started manufacturing low-cost treadle pumps that can pump out about 4,000-5,000 litres of water through an hour’s pedalling. Made of iron, the treadle pump is similar in principle to a hand pump.

• But instead of the latter’s single barrel or cylinder and the use of hands to pump water, the treadle or pedal pump has two cylinders and uses foot power to lift water from underground. Men, women, children and even elders can operate it by holding a bamboo or wooden frame for support.

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

• An hour’s pedaling can pump out as much as 5,000 litres of water. Two hours’ pedaling would be enough to irrigate half a hectare of dry season vegetables. Another nifty feature of IDEI’s treadle pump is that it is foldable. At 18 kilogrammes, it is also portable – a necessity for most small farmers who have non-contiguous farmland holdings.

Krishak Bandhu (KB)

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

• The technologies also came accompanied by ready-to-use kits, such as a bucket kit or a drum kit, which were customized to help farmers grow off-season crops and raise their income. Unlike expensive diesel pumps or drip systems for large tracts, these kits could be used on tiny plots and could be bought for as little as Rs 250.

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

• The technologies also came accompanied by ready-to-use kits, such as a bucket kit or a drum kit, which were customized to help farmers grow off-season crops and raise their income. Unlike expensive diesel pumps or drip systems for large tracts, these kits could be used on tiny plots and could be bought for as little as Rs 250.

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

• IDEI conducts training programme for the identified entrepreneurs in allied agricultural fields like apiculture/ honey bee farming, spice cultivation, agro-climatic vegetable cultivation, rice intensification system etc. It has also developed a low cost greenhouse to benefit small holder farmers who find it difficult to afford conventional greenhouse structures.

Low Cost Drip-Irrigation

References

Anandasankar Ray, PhD• http://www.olfaction.ucr.edu/ André Briend, Adjunct Professor, French Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)• http://www.uta.fi/med/tacc-gh/personnel/staff/briend_a.htmlAmitabha Sadangi• http://www.ide-india.org/content/amitabha-sadangiThe Borgan Project • http://borgenproject.org/about-us/Hippo Roller • https://www.hipporoller.org/ Life Straw • http://lifestraw.com/Life Saver Bottle • http://www.iconlifesaver.eu/ Kite Patch • http://www.kitepatch.com/ Pee People • http://www.peepoople.com/ Plumpy’ Nut • http://www.nutriset.fr/en/product-range/severe-acute-malnutrition/plumpy-nut-ready-to-use-therapeutic-food-rutf.htmlSODIS method• http://www.sodis.ch/methode/anwendung/index_EN

“Run when you can, walk if you have to, crawl if you must; just never give up.” ..

Solar Water Disinfection ( SODIS ) is a simple water treatment technology

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