MARITIME ORGANISATIONS

MARITIME ORGANIZATION

There are various maritime organizations at international level, such as:

1.International Maritime Organization (IMO)2.International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)

3.International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)4.International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF)5.Many more.

IMO

●is the United Nations specialized agency, based in London.●with responsibility for the safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships●Originally known as IMCO (1958). IMCO is the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization. It changed to IMO in 1982.●Website: http://www.imo.org/

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IMO

●Objectives: Facilitate co-operation among governments on technical matters affecting shipping, particularly from the angle of:

●Safety of life at sea.●Prevention of marine pollution.●Exchange of information

between nations.●Concluding an international

agreements.

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●Currently has 170 Member States and three Associate Members.●Provide forum for member countries to meet regularly – discuss matters of mutual interest.●A body that could introduce, amend & implement legislation or international regulations, codes & standard. ●Ex: IMDG Code.

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●Consists of an Assembly, a Council & 5 main committees:

●Maritime Safety Committee (MSC)●Marine Environment Protection

Committee (MEPC)●Legal Committee●Technical Co-operation committee●Facilitation Committee

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●IMO has a quite number of tasks and roles, such as:

●Ensuring maritime safety includes international maritime traffic, load lines and the carriage of dangerous goods

●Solving the environmental issues - pollution. The issue of tanker accidents, environmental threat caused by routine operations such as the cleaning of oil cargo tanks and the disposal of engine room wastes. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships → MARPOL

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●Tasks and roles…●Establishing a system for providing compensation to

those who had suffered financially as a result of pollution ●Global search and rescue system initiative with the

International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) and The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)

●Development of human resource and seafarer●Comprehensive security related to sea transportation,

including the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code and the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts (SUA)

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IACS

●Founded in London 1968.●Association of world’s major classification Societies (Currently has 13 member societies).●Main concern with safe ships and clean seas.●Main purpose:

●To promote improvement of standards of safety at sea & prevention of pollution of marine environment.

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●More than 90% of world’s merchant fleet is covered by standards of IACS members.●Ship must compliance with rules of major classification societies to get statutory certifications.●IMO requires all ships to get those certification issues by one of classification societies, before can legally operate internationally.●Website: http://www.iacs.org.uk/

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IACS has various tasks and roles such as:

1.Provides technical support and guidance2.Develops unified interpretations of the international statutory regulations

3.Giving certifications4.Consultative status in IMO

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■IACS current members:

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WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES?

●Ship classification is necessary to ensure ship is built & maintained properly for hazards & risks involve in maritime trading.●Classification scheme covers:

●Definition of standard & rules for design, construction & service of ship.●Design & construction are controlled to assure compliance to rules. Certificate of conformity is issued.

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●Assess ship periodical inspection (make sure it is carried out).

●Renewal of certificate of conformity when requirement met, providing reassurance to users.

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EXAMPLE OF IACS MEMBER

●Founded 1760. Based in London.●World’s leading ship classification society.●Principal activity: Examine merchant ships and 'classify' them according to their condition.●Expand services to include marine, offshore & industrial survey & advisory services, improving quality, safety & protecting environment.

LLOYD’S REGISTER OF SHIPPING

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●Set & maintain standards of safety & reliability, by establishing requirements for design, construction & maintenance of ships.●LR classification is internationally recognize standard.●Standard requires the materials structure, machinery & equipment are of required quality.●Monitor shipyards around the world, conduct quality inspection.●Website: http://www.lr.org/sectors/marine/

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OTHER CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY

1.Bureau Veritas●Based in Paris.●Service also include research &

development of variety maritime project.2.American Bureau of Shipping

●Promoting the security of life, property, and the natural environment primarily through the development and verification of standards for the design, maintenance of marine-related facilities.

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●Established in 1921 as Intl. Shipping Conference.●Rename to ICS in 1948. Based in London.●Members consist of private ship owners. Now with ship owners from 32 countries, & cover half of world’s merchant fleet.●To promote interests of shipowners in all matters of shipping.●Tasks and roles:

●Encourages high standard of operation, high quality & efficient shipping services.

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●Provides guidance on regulatory development and compliance

●Promotes best practice in shipping industry●Promotes environment which support safe shipping

operations, protection of environment, & adherence to internationally adopted standards & procedures.

●Co-operates in technical, industrial or commercial interest or to discuss problems of mutual concern.

●Co-operates with other international organizations in pursuit of the above objectives.

●Website: http://www.marisec.org/

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ICS

●Founded 1896. Represent transport workers’ trade union of all countries. Based in London.

●To protect economic & social interest of transport workers (seafarers, dockers, inland navigation workers & fisherman).

●Concern on:●Good employment condition.●Take action on those who violate seafarer’s

individual rights.●Monitor passenger cruise operation.

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ITF

●Tasks and roles:■to promote respect for trade union and human rights

worldwide■to work for peace based on social justice and

economic progress■to help its affiliated unions defend the interests of

their members■to provide research and information services to its

affiliates■to provide general assistance to transport workers

in difficulty●Website: http://www.itfglobal.org/

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ITF

●Policy research institute set up by Malaysian Govt. Based in KL.

●Looks into matters relating to Malaysia’s interest at sea, and to serve as a national focal point for research in the maritime sector.

●Incorporated under Companies Act in 1965.●Area dealt by MIMA:

●Maritime security and diplomacy.●Ocean industries economic study.●Coastal and marine environment.●Ocean law and policy.

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ALAM

●Located on a well developed 30 hectares campus in Melaka.●1970s: Establishment of non-profit making body called MATES (Malaysian Training and Education for Seamen) Foundation.●The Foundation pioneered the establishment of the Maritime Training Centre (MTC) in 1977.●15 August 1981, MTC was upgraded to an academy, & named Akademi Laut Malaysia.●Website: http://www.alam.edu.my/

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●1 January 1997: Privatized to Malaysian Maritime Academy Sdn. Bhd. (MMA).●MMA = Consortium of MISC, PETRONAS, Penang Shipbuilding & Construction, & Klang Port Management.●Objective: To produce competent professionals with in-depth technical, academic, commercial and business knowledge in the maritime field through balanced and integrated curriculum. ●Provides courses leading to academic degrees and professional maritime qualifications.

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