Rise of Regional Parties

Lecture 1.6.2

Bharatiya Janata Party• formed in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mookerjee.• in 1977, the Jana Sangh merged with several

other parties to form the Janata Party• Won only two seats in the 1984 general

election• Formed govt in 1996 for 13 days• 1998, the BJP-led coalition known as the

National Democratic Alliance (NDA), lost in 2004.

• Formed govt. again in 2014, under PM Modi

Communist Party of India (Marxist)

• CPI formed in 26 December 1925• Split into CPI and CPI-M in 1964• in 1957, the CPI emerged as the largest

opposition party• In 1957, the CPI won the state elections in

Kerala.• Split into "internationalists", "centrists", and

"nationalists“ in 1962• Today it holds only 1 seat.

Bahujan Samaj Party

• The BSP was founded by a Dalit charismatic leader Kanshi Ram in 1984

• In 1993, following the assembly elections, Mayawati formed a coalition with Samajwadi Party President Mulayam Yadav as Chief Minister.

• sought the support of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to become Chief Minister on 3 June 1995.

• The 11 May 2007, the Uttar Pradesh state assembly election results saw the BSP emerge as a single majority party

• The party was the third most-voted party in the 2014 Indian general election, but still failed to win any seat in the 16th Lok Sabha

Nationalist Congress Party

• NCP was formed on 25 May 1999, by Sharad Pawar, P. A. Sangma, and Tariq Anwar after they were expelled from the Indian National Congress (INC) on 20 May 1999, for disputing the right of Italian-born Sonia Gandhi to lead the party

• Won 6 seats in 2014

Janata Dal (United)

• The Janata Dal (United) was formed with the merger of the Sharad Yadav faction of the Janata Dal, the Lokshakti Party and the Samata Party On 30 October 2003

• The JD(U) along with its alliance partner, the BJP defeated the RJD-led UPA government in Bihar in November 2005.

• JD(U) won 115 and BJP won 91 seats in Bihar Legislative Assembly election, 2010.

• JD-U broke alliance with BJP• BJP –LJP won 31 seats in 2014 general election

Rashtriya Janata Dal

• The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.• 1998 national elections, RJD won 17 Lok Sabha seats • the party won 21 Lok Sabha seats in the 2004

elections• Under United Progressive Alliance from 2004 to May

2009, wherein Prasad held the position of the Railway Minister.

• In 2005 Bihar legislative assembly election RJD won only 75 seats and lost the power.

• In 2014, won 4 seats out of 40 lok sabha seat

Jammu & Kashmir National Conference

• In October 1932, Sheikh Abdullah founded the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference.

• In the elections of1951, National Conference won all 75 seats of the Constituent assembly of Jammu and Kashmir.

• Sheikh Abdullah was again arrested in 1965 until 1968 for conspiracy against the state

• In 1996, won 57 out of 86 seats• In 2008 came to power with congress’ help• In 2014 won zero seats

Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party

• founded in 1999 by the former Union Home Minister, Mufti Mohammed Sayeed

• Mufti Mohammad Sayeed headed coalition Government between October 2002 and November 2005

• Won 3 seats in 2014 elections

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

• Formed to carve out Jharkhand out of Bihar• 100% of their MP's who contested in 2009

elections were candidates with pending criminal cases in their name, won 2 setas.

Shiv Sena• founded on 19 June 1966• In 1960 Bal Thackeray, a Mumbai-based cartoonist, began

publishing the satirical cartoon weekly Marmik. Through this publication he started disseminating anti-migrant sentiments.

• The Shiv Sena-BJP combine won the 1995 Maharasthra state elections.

• In July 2005 Narayan Rane was expelled from the party, which sparked internal conflict in the party. In December the same year Raj Thackeray, Bal Thackeray's nephew, left the party

• The offices of Hindi and Marathi TV news channels IBN-7 and IBN-Lokmat in Mumbai and Pune were attacked and vandalised by Shiv Sena activists on 20 November 2009

All India Trinamool Congress• One of the principal opposition parties in India today.• Founded on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction of

the Indian National Congress, the party is led by its founder and current Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee.

• In the 1998 Lok Sabha polls, TMC won 8 seats.• She entered into an alliance with the BJP in 2000. IN 2004, it

won 1 seat.• TMC also has 1 MLAs in the Arunachal PradeshAssembly,7

MLAs in the Manipur Assembly and 1 MLA in Assam and 1 MLA in Uttar Pradesh

• Post-Nandigram/Singur, in the 2009 Lok Sabha election, Trinamool Congress won 19 seats

• Today it has 34 MPs

Biju Janata Dal

• led by Naveen Patnaik, son of former state chief minister Biju Patnaik. It was founded on 26 December 1997

• BJD won nine seats in the 1998 general elections and Naveen was named the Minister for Mines.

• The party won a majority of seats in the state legislative assembly in the 2000 and 2004 elections in alliance with BJP.

• BJD parted ways with the BJP, after Kandhamal riots.• in 2009, BJD won 14 seats and secured strong 108

legislative seats out of 147 seats in assembly • in 2014, securing 20 of the 21 Lok Sabha seats and 117 of

147 Legislative Assembly seats of Odisha.

Aam Aadmi Party

• It came into existence following differences between the activists Arvind Kejriwal and Anna Hazare regarding whether or not to politicise the popular India Against Corruption movement

• launched on 26 November 2012.• In Delhi elections, emerged as the second-largest

party, winning 28 of the 70 seats• It had been in power for 49 days• Won 4 seats in Lok Sabha 2014 elections

Shiromani Akali Dal

• In power in Punjab• Akali Dal was formed on December 20, 1920 as a

task force of the Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee

• party launched the Punjabi Suba movement, demanding a state with majority of Punjabi speaking people, out of undividedEast Punjab under the leadership of Sant Fateh Singh

• It has 56 members in Punjab Legislative Assemblyand combined with 12 of BJP, forms a majority government today.

All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

• was founded by M.G.R on the 17th of October, 1972• AIADMK grew close to theCongress by supporting

the Emergency which occurred between 1975 and 1977.• MGR was sworn in as the 7th Chief Minister of the state

on the 30th of June• In 1980, the Congress aligned with the DMK and the

alliance won 37 out of the 39 parliamentary seats in the state; the AIADMK won just two seats

• AIADMK won an unprecedented 37 out of 39 seats in 2014

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

• founded by C. N. Annadurai as a breakaway faction from the Dravidar Kazhagam

• DMK traces its roots to the South Indian Liberal Federation formed in 1916

• In August 1944, Periyar created the 'Dravida Kazhagham' out of the Justice Party

• DMK lost heavily under Karunanidhi

Telangana Rashtra Samithi

• Telangana, carved out of Andhra Pradesh on 2 June 2014.

• was a member of theTelugu Desam Party until he quit the party due to differences withNara Chandrababu Naidu and formed the TRS in 2001

• In the 2004 assembly elections, the TRS formed an alliance withCongress (I) and won 26 state assembly seats.

• In 2014, TRS won 11 of the 17 Lok Sabha seats and 63 of the 119 Assembly seats

Telugu Desam Party

• The party was founded by Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao on 29 March 1982. Since 1995, the party is headed by Nara Chandrababu Naidu

• The party came to power in the state of Andhra Pradesh on 16 May 2014 by winning 104 seats out of 175 seats.

YSR Congress Party

• was founded by Siva Kumar in 2009 and taken over by Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy, the son of former Andhra Pradesh chief minister Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy

• The party has a strength of 67 members in the 295-member state assembly and 9 members in the Lok Sabha

Samajwadi Party

• The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal

• In the assembly election in Madhya Pradesh in 2003, the Samajwadi Party gained 7 seats

• In the 16th Lok Sabha, it currently has only 4 members wrt. 21 in 15th lok sabha

• In the 2007 Uttar Pradesh legislative election, the SP won only 96 seats as compared to 146 in the previous election.

• In the 2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, SP registered a landslide victory

Thank You