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Works presented in this paper offer teachers and learners the opportunity to express their learning objects assessments and suggestions for use directly from a learning management system, and to store these annotations within a learning object repository. Annotations are thus stored when and where they become relevant. Thanks to an open and standardized architecture, these annotations can be widely shared and exploited in various contexts such as re-authoring, curriculum designs, or learning object retrieval. Indeed, annotations can represent a basis for a (personalized) quality-based sorting mechanism helping users to find and reuse learning resources that match with their preferences. An implementation focusing on Moodle and the Ariadne Knowledge Pool System validates our approach. Olivier Catteau, Philippe Vidal, Julien Broisin. Learning Object Virtualization Allowing for Learning Object Assessments and Suggestions for Use. Dans : IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2008), Santander, Espagne, 01/07/2008-05/07/2008, IEEE, p. 579-583, juillet 2008.
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Learning Object Virtualization Allowing for Learning Object
Assessments and Suggestions for Use
Olivier CATTEAU, Philippe VIDAL, Julien BROISIN
Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse
Outline
Learning Object Assessments and Suggestions for Use
Research Issues Proposed Approach Implementation Conclusion and perspectives
Annotations
LOM Annotation Category « enable educators to share their
assessments of learning objects, suggestions for use, etc. »
IEEE-LTSC, 1484.12.1-2002, IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata
Production
Diffusion
Use
Re-Authoring
Termination
[ICALT’06] Why assesments?
LO & Metadata Lifecycle
Production
AuthoringTools
Ready-to-useLearning Object Metadata
Author
+ Annotations
LOR
Are annotations objective?
Production Diffusion
Use
Re-Authoring
Termination
Diffusion
LOR
LearningManagement
System
Editing teacher
Learning Object Assessments Help teachers to
build a curriculum
Production Diffusion
Use
Re-Authoring
Termination
Diffusion & Use
LOR
LearningManagement
System
Learning Object Assessments Help teachers to
build a curriculum
Suggestions for Use Avoid
pedagogical mistakes
Help building a learning design
Teacher
Production Diffusion
Use
Re-Authoring
Termination
Re-authoring(Feedback step)
Teacher
Student
LOR
LearningManagement
System
Usercomments
Subject Matter Expert
Peer reviewing
Suggestionsfor Use
Improve Learning Objectcontent, form or description
Production Diffusion
Use
Re-Authoring
Termination
What’s in the reality?
Existing Reviewing SystemsMemoNote
LORAzouaou & Desmoulins, A Flexible and ExtensibleArchitecture for Context-Aware Annotation in E-Learning,ICALT’06
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
ExistingReviewing Systems
LearningManagement
System
Qualitative &/or quantitativepeer review with criteria
by a domain expert
User comments &/orquantitative evaluation
Suggestionsfor use
Evaluation Criteria according to LO types
LOR
Existing Reviewing SystemsSynthesis
LOR Quantitative Review
Qualitative Review
Evalutech NO Peer review by domain expert
Harvey Project NO Peer review + Classroom testing
LORI Peer review
MERLOT Peer review (2 domain experts)Member comments
Wisconsin Online Public comments
Issues Need for sharing and reusing peer reviews,
comments and suggestions for useInformation stored in metadata
The LOM Annotation Category has to be improved
8. Annotation
8.3 Description
8.2 Date
8.1 Entity
Teacher ?Student ?Subject Matter Expert?
Global ?Criterion?Suggestion for Use?
Quantitative evaluation?
Issues
Systems elaborated to manage assessments differ from the system used to learn and teach
Proposed approach
Collection of annotations through a LMS
Storage of annotations within metadata and LOR
LearningManagement
System
LOR
Modified Annotation Category
8. Annotation
8.3 Description
8.2 Date
8.1 Entity
8. Annotation 8.3 Description8.2 Date
8.1’ Contribute 8.1’.1 Entity
8.4 Annotation Type8.5 Quality Level
8.1’.2 Role
Closer to the end userThe LOV Design
LMS 1 LMS 2
Search Importation Indexation Generation
Specific API 1
Federation Layer
Integration LayerVirtualization Layer
Specific API 2
LOR 1 LOR 2
LOR WEB SERVICES
PHP
SOAP/HTTP
Storage of Learning Objects& Metadata
PHP
LOM++
Annotation
● Peer review● Comments
● Comments● Suggestion for use
Subject Matter Expert
● Import
● Import
Teacher● LO selection
Student● Use● Use
LOM++
Benefits Annotations:
are added when they become relevant can be shared from several LMS can be stored on multiple LOR
Criteria can be customized depending on the user role
LO selection can be improved (quality-based sorting) to build a courseware
Teachers avoid pedagogical mistakes
Implementation
Search Importation Indexation Generation
Specific API
Federation Layer
Integration LayerVirtualization Layer
KPS
ARIADNE WEB SERVICES
PHP
SOAP/HTTP
Storage of Learning Objects& Metadata
LOM
Annotation
Moodle Roles:● administrator● course creator● editing teacher● teacher● student● guest+ subject matter expert
LO evaluations within the LMS
Fast global evaluation
Detailed evaluation
Annotation Types:● global● suggestion for use● content quality● effectiveness● ease to use
Annotation submission sequence
: USER LMS AMS AWS KPS
1. Fill annotationform 2. Deliver annotation
3. Generate vCard,role,LOR location,LO id
4. Send annotationinformation
5. Update LO metadata
Conclusion Share and reuse of annotations
An open architecture that facilitates LO assessments & suggestions for use
Annotations are submitted and retrieved when and where they become relevant
June, 26th 2008 19798 materials 2599 peer reviews 5736 comments 1218 assignments
Perspectives Modifications applied to the Annotation
category should be adopted by consensus
Annotation types adapted to the user role
Criteria customized according to the LO type
In situ annotations Personal Annotations
Thanks for your attention