MEWAR UNIVERSITY

Topic => Laser Beam Machining

05/01/2023

What is a laser ?

The word LASER is an acronym which stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. It actually represents the principle itself but is nowadays also used to describe the source of the laser beam.

The main components of a laser are the laser active, light amplifying medium and an optical resonator which usually consists of two mirrors.

Uses the light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation

Laser Beam Machining (LBM)

The punch is a light beam

LBM Applications

Drilling, slitting, slotting, scribing, and marking operations

Drilling small diameter holes ‑ down to 0.025 mm (0.001 in)

Generally used on thin stock

Work materials: metals with high hardness and strength,

soft metals, ceramics, glass and glass epoxy, plastics,

rubber, cloth, and wood

Comparison: sheet and plate cutting

1. Plasma2. Laser3. Waterjet

Comparison: sheet and plate cutting

Main criteria for comparison:

1. Materials

2. Cost

3. Quality

4. Productivity

Comparison: sheet and plate cuttingProcesses Material Thickness Quality Cost NotePlasma All electrically

conductive materials

Gauge to 2 in Poor Low Need high power

Laser A variety of materials

¼ in and thinner

Middle Middle Problem with reflective materials

Waterjet A variety of materials, usually soft material

Highest High

Cost: decided by the speed.

General benefits to manufacture parts by cutting from sheets and plates:

Fast to manufacture Parts are low in cost Helps drive costs for assembled products down From low to high quantities Simple to complex parts Parts can later be formed (bent) to make more

complex shapes

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