LITHOSPHERE

Lithosphere

made up of rocks

outermost solid part of the earth

ROCKS

Where can we find rocks?

beneath the oceans

highways

EVERYWHERE

Why rocks differ from one another?

mineral contents

air holes

Content remains of the plants and animals

Rocks are made

up of minerals

Physical Properties

of Rocks

Color most observable characteristics of rocks

RubyJade

Aquamarine

Luster

refers to the quality of light that surface of mineral reflects

Gold Pyrite

Streakrefers to the color of a thin layer of powdered mineral

Hardness refers to a mineral resistance to scratching

Gypsum

Diamond

Talc

Cleavage

refers to how minerals break

Mica

Quartz

3 Kinds of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Igneous Rocks

are rocks which came from very, very hot and melted magma below the earth’s crust

2 Kinds of Igneous Rocks

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Intrusive Igneous Rocks

rocks that form from magma trapped below the earth’s surface

have large mineral grains and a coarse grained texture

Granite Basalt

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

rocks formed from cooled lava on the earth’s surface

Have finer texture

Obsidian

Pumice

Examples of

Igneous Rocks

Granite

formed from magma that cooled slowly

has a coarse grained texture may be pink, white-gray, or light to

moderate yellow

its mineral grains are similar in size

Example: Granite

Basalt

formed from lava that cooled rapidly

has fire grained texture

its mineral grains are so tiny

maybe black or dark green

Example: Basalt

Obsidian

formed from lava that cooled rapidly

has a texture as smooth as glass

maybe brown or black

it is hard and brittle

Example: Obsidian

Pumice

formed from lava

Looks like a sponge with many holes

It is light and float on water

Maybe light yellow or gray

Its mineral content glass

Example: Pumice

Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

formed from sediments

Examples of

Sedimentary Rocks

Sandstone consist of fine sand cemented together it is coarse-grained and filled with tiny

holes or spaces

Limestone made up of shells and skeletons of small sea animals

Conglomerate made from a mixture of round pebbles

and stones has a course mixture

Shale formed from fine mud clay and silt. it has a smooth surface and can be slit

into layers

Dolomite similar to limestone composed mainly of magnesium

Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks formed from igneous rocks sedimentary and even other metamorphic rocks

Examples of

Metamorphic Rocks

Slate comes from shale hard and smooth breaks into flat sheets

Schist made from mudstone

Serpentine a rock that easily crumbles to the weather it is slippery

Quartzite made from sandstone

Gneiss formed from shale, sandstone, granite and conglomerate

Marble comes from limestone

Rock Cycle

Rock Cycle

continuous change from one form to another as a result of same process that happen in nature

Rock Cycle

Rock Cycle

Rock Cycle

Prepare by: Jobet_24 :D

Thank You

End of the Presentation