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www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
1911 FirsteverInternationalWomen’sDaycelebrated.
1913 MarieCurieisawardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistry.
Norwegianwomengaintherighttovote.
1915 WomenfromtheU.S.andEuropegatherinTheHagueinthe
NetherlandsforthefirstInternationalCongressofWomen--laterknow astheWomen’sInternationalLeagueforPeaceandFreedom.
1916 JeannetteRankinofMontanaisthefirstwomanelectedtotheU.S.
Congress.
1918 WomeninRussiastrikefor“breadandpeace.”Thestrikehelpsinitiate
therevolutionthatresultsintheoverthrowoftheimperialgovernment. March8th,thedaythestrikebegan,islaterchosentomark InternationalWomen’sDay.
Canadianwomengaintherighttovote.
Britishwomenover30aregrantedrighttovote.
TheIndianNationalCongresssupportsgivingwomentherighttovote.
HungarianfeministRosikaSchwimmerisappointedambassadorto
Switzerland.
1919 WomenentertheBritishHouseofCommonsforthefirsttimewithLady
Astor’sappointment.
1920 The19thAmendmenttotheU.S.Constitution,givingwomentheright tovote,becomeslawwhenitisratifiedbytwo-thirdsofthestates.The LeagueofWomenVotersisfounded.
International
Women’s Day was
first celebrated on
March 8th, 1911.
A look back at
the last century
illustrates the
overwhelming
progress that
women around
the world
have made.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
TheTreatyofVersaillesstatesthatwomenmustreceiveequalpayastheirmalecounterparts.
1922 TheNationalCouncilofWomeniscreatedinChiletofightforwomen’srights.
TheBrazilianFederationfortheAdvancementofWomenisfoundedbyBerthaLutz.
1923 FamilyplanningpioneerMargaretSangeropensthefirstlegal,physician-runbirthcontrolclinicinthe UnitedStates.
1925 NellieTayloeRossisthefirstwomangovernorofaU.S.state(Wyoming).
1926 GertrudeEderleisthefirstwomantoswimtheEnglishChannel.
1928 WomencompeteforthefirsttimeinOlympicfieldevents.
1931 ActivistJaneAddamsreceivestheNobelPrizeforPeace.SheisthefirstAmericanwomantowina NobelPeacePrize.
GertrudeVanderbiltWhitneyfoundsTheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArtinNewYorkCity,becomingthe firstwomantofoundamajorartmuseum.
1932 AmeliaEarhartmakesthefirstsoloflightbyawomanacrosstheAtlantic.Sheisthefirstwomantobe awardedtheDistinguishedFlyingCross.
AlexandraKollontaiisappointedambassadorfromtheSovietUniontoSweden.Sheisconsideredthe firstwomanambassadorinmodernhistory.
1933 FrancesPerkinsisappointedSecretaryofLaborbyFranklinD.Roosevelt.Sheisthefirstwoman
appointedtoacabinetpositionintheAmericangovernment.
1934 WomeninBrazilandThailandgaintherighttovote.
1937 Cubarequiresequalpayforequalworkregardlessofgender.
1945 EleanorRooseveltbecomestheAmericandelegatefortherecentlyformedUnitedNations.In1946she iselectedastheheadoftheUnitedNationsHumanRightsCommission.Sheisinstrumentalindrafting theDeclarationofHumanRights.
1946 TheUnitedNationsCommissionontheStatusofWomenisformed.
TheSudaneseWomen’sLeagueisfounded.ItismodernSudan’sfirstwomen’sorganization.
WomeninthePhilippinesgaintherighttovote.
1948 InJapan,womenvoteandrunforelectionintheHouseofRepresentativesforthefirsttime.
1949 WomengaintherighttovoteinIsraelandSouthKorea.
ThePeronistaFeministPartyisfoundedinArgentinianbyEvaPerón.
TheSecondSex(LeDeuxièmeSexe),byFrenchfeministSimonedeBeauvoir,ispublished.Ithasa
majorimpactonunderstandingsofgender.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
1952 MolecularbiologistRosalindFranklinbeginsworkatKing’sCollege,London.Shegoesontoplaya
majorroleinthediscoveryofDNA.
IsraelpassestheWomen’sEqualRightsAct,makinggenderdiscriminationillegal.
1954 Colombianwomenaregrantedtherighttovote.
1955 RosaPark’srefusaltogiveupherseattoawhitemanonabus,andhersubsequentarrest,isusedto
launchtheMontgomerybusboycott.
1956 InIsrael,GoldaMeirisappointedMinisterofForeignAffairs.SheistheonlywomenintheIsraeli
cabinet.
1958 SwedishdiplomatAgdaRösselisthefirstwomantoheadapermanentdelegationtotheUnitedNations.
1960 SirimavoBandaranaikeiselectedasPrimeMinisterofSriLanka.
InJapan,NakayamaMasaisappointedMinisterofHealthandWelfare.SheisJapan’sfirstfemale
cabinetmember.
1961 Paraguaygrantswomentherighttovote.ItisthelastrepublicintheAmericastodoso.
1963 BettyFriedanpublishesTheFeminineMystique,whichgalvanizesthewomen’srightsmovement.
ValentinaTereshkovaofRussiabecomesthefirstwomaninspace.
Iranianwomengaintherighttovote.
1964 TitleVIIoftheCivilRightsActprohibitsdiscriminationinemploymentonthebasisofraceorsex.
1965 TheSupremeCourtrulingintheGriswoldv.StateofConnecticutcasestatesthatlawsprohibitingthe
useofbirthcontrolareunconstitutional.
1966 TheNationalOrganizationofWomenisfoundedbyfeministBettyFriedanandotherdelegatesto
theThirdNationalConferenceoftheCommissionontheStatusofWomen.
IndiraGandhibecomesIndia’sfirstfemalePrimeMinister.
1968 SoongChing-lingisnamedCo-ChairwomanofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Sheisthefirstnon-royal
womantoleadthestateofChina.
1969 GoldaMeirbecomesIsrael’sfirstfemaleprimeminister.
1970 TheBostonWomen’sHealthBookCollectivehelpslaunchthewomen’shealthmovementintheU.S.by
publishingOurBodies,Ourselves.
1971 IndialaunchesitsNationalCommissionontheStatusofWomen.
HelgaPedersonbecomesthefirstfemalejudgeontheEuropeanCourtofHumanRights.
WomeninSwitzerlandgaintherighttovote.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
1972 TitleIXoftheEducationAmendmentsbanssexdiscriminationinschools.Enrollmentofwomen
inathleticsprogramsandprofessionalschoolsincreasesdramatically.
MsMagazineislaunchedbyagroupoffeminists,includingGloriaSteinem,asanoutletforfeminist
voicesinAmerica.
1973 TennisstarBill ieJeanKingwinsthe“battle-of-the-sexes”tennismatchagainstBobbyRiggs.Theevent
ishighlypublicizedandservesasinspirationfordemandsforequalrightsandopportunitiesforfemale
athletes.
TheRoev.WadedecisionbytheSupremeCourtrulesthatawomanhasaconstitutionalrightto
abortion.
Sex-segregated“helpwanted”adsarebannedfollowingtheSupremeCourtrulinginPittsburghPressv.
PittsburghCommissiononHumanRelations,413U.S.376.
WomeninJordangaintherighttovote.
1974 MariaEstela(Isabela)MartinezdePeronbecomesthefirstwomentoleadanAmericannationwhenshe
succeedsherhusbandasPresidentofArgentina.SheisalsothefirstfemalepresidentofArgentina.
1975 TheUNnames1975InternationalWomen’sYear.March8thhasbeencelebratedasInternational
Women’sDayeversince.
TheWorldCongressforInternationalWomen’sYearopensinBerlin.
ThefirstWorldConferenceonWomenisheldinMexicoCity.
ThePregnancyandDiscriminationActispassedtoprohibitdiscriminationonthebasisofpregnancy,
childbirth,orrelatedmedicalconditions.
1976 1976–1985TheUnitedNations’DecadeforWomen.
TinaAnselmibecomesthefirstwomanintheItaliancabinetwhensheisappointedLabourminister.
Nigerianwomengaintherighttovote.
1977 DiscriminationonthebasisofsexormaritalstatusisprohibitedbylawinCanada.
Nigerianwomengaintherighttovote.
1978 Women’sHistoryWeekisfirstcelebratedinSonomaCounty,California.
Kuwaitiwomen’sprotestssuccessfullykeepaproposedlawprohibitingwomenfromworkinofficesfrom
legallypassing.
1979 TheUNGeneralAssemblyadoptstheConventionontheEliminationsofAllFormsofDiscriminationagain
Women.Itdefineswhatcountsasdiscriminationagainwomenandcreatesanagendafor
nationstoadopt.
MotherTeresaisawardedtheNobelPeacePrizeforherworkintheslumsofCalcutta,India.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
MariadeLourdesPintasilgobecomesthefirstfemalePrimeMinisterofPortugal.
LidiaGeileriselectedPresidentofBolivia.Sheisthefirstwomantoholdthisposition.
MargaretThatcherbecomesGreatBritian’sfirstfemalePrimeMinister.
SimoneWeilofFrancebecomesthefirstwomanelectedPresidentoftheEuropeanParliament.
1980 VigdisFinnbogadottirbecomesthefirstwomanelectedPresidentofIceland.
1981 JeaneKirkpatrickbecomesthefirstfemaleU.S.ambassadortotheUnitedNations.
SandraDayO’ConnoristhefirstwomanontheU.S.SupremeCourt,servinguntil2006.
GroHarlemBrundtlandbecomesthefirstwomanPrimeMinisterofNorway.
1982 AgathaBarbaraisthefirstwomanelectedPresidentofMalta.
MilkaPlanincisthefirstwomantobecomePrimeMinisterofYugoslavia.
1983 SallyRidebecomesthefirstAmericanwomantotravelinspace.
1985 EugeniaCharlesisthefirstwomantobecomePrimeMinisterintheCaribbean.
1986 CorazonAquinoisthefirstwomantobeelectedpresidentofthePhilippines.
MariaLiberia-PetersbecomesthefirstwomanPrimeMinisteroftheNetherlandsAntilles.
1987 CongressexpandsWomen’sHistoryWeektoamonth-longeventcelebratedinMarch.
WilmaMankillerisnamedthefirstwomanChiefoftheCherokeeNation.Sheisthefirstwomantolead
amajorNativeAmericanTribeinmodernhistory.
1988 BenazirBhuttoisthefirstwomantoleadaMuslimcountryinmodernhistorywhenshebecomesprime
ministerofPakistan.
1990 MaryRobinsonisthefirstfemalePresidentofIreland.
ErthaPascal-TrouillotisthefirstwomantobeelectedPresidentofHaiti.
CarmenLawrenceisthefirstfemalePremierofAustralia.
1991 EdithCressonisthefirstwomanPrimeMinisterofFrance.
KhaledaZiaRahmanisthefirstwomanPrimeMinisterofBangladesh.
1992 RitaJohnstonisthefirstfemalePremierofCanada.
1992 HannaSuchockaisthefirstfemalePrimeMinisterofPoland.
1993 JanetRenoisthefirstwomanAttorneyGeneraloftheUnitedStates.
ToniMorrisonbecomesthefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantowintheNobelPrizeforliterature.
SylvieKinigiisthefirstfemalePrimeMinisterofBurundi.
TansuCillerisTurkey’sfirstfemalePrimeMinister.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
1995 TheInternationalConferenceonPopulationandDevelopmentinCairocreatesaProgramofAction.
SomeofthegoalsoutlinedbytheProgramofActioninclude,achievinguniversaleducation,reducing
infantandchildmortality,reducingmaternalmortality,andachievingaccesstoreproductiveandsexual
healthservicesincludingfamilyplanning.
The4thWorldConferenceonWomenisheldinBeijing,China.
1997 MadeleineAlbrightissworninasthefirstwomanU.S.SecretaryofState.
JennyShipleybecomesthefirstwomanPrimeMinisterofNewZealand.
1999 MireyaMoscosoiselectedasPanama’sfirstfemalepresident.SheoverseestheU.S.handoverofthe
PanamaCanal.
2000 TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)aredevelopedtoimprovetheconditionsoftheworld’s
poorestcountriesbyyear2015.Thegoalsareto,1.Eradicateextremepovertyandhunger,2.Achieve
universalprimary,3.Promotegenderequality,4.Reducechildmortality,5.Improvematernalmortality,
6.CombatHIV/AIDS,Malariaandotherdiseases,7.Ensureenvironmentalsustainability,and8.Create
globalpartnershipsfordevelopment.
BeverleyMcLachlinbecomesthefirstfemalechiefjusticeoftheSupremeCourtofCanada.The
CanadianSupremeCourthadruledthatwomenwerenot“persons”70yearsearlier.
TarjaHaloneniselectedFinland’sfirstwomanpresident.
2001 AreferendumincludingtherightofwomentostandforofficeisapprovedbyvotersinBahrain.
2004 MegawatiSukarnoputribecomesthefirstfemalePresidentoftheRepublicofIndonesia.
2005 CondoleezzaRiceisthefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantoserveasU.S.SecretaryofState.
2004 WangariMaathai,aKenyanenvironmentalactivist,isawardedtheNobelPeacePrize.Sheisthefirst
blackAfricanwomantowinaNobelPrize.
Kuwaitiwomengaintherighttovote.
2006 EllenJohnsonSirleafbecomesthefirstfemalePresidentinAfricawhensheiselectedinLiberia.
MichelleBacheletisthefirstwomanelectedPresidentofChile.
2007 NancyPelosiissworninasthefirstfemaleSpeakeroftheU.S.HouseofRepresentatives,oneofthe
mostpowerfulpostsintheU.S.government.
2007PratibhaPatiliselectedasthefirstwomanPresidentofIndia.
Thefirstall-femaleUNPeacekeepingunitisdeployed.Itismadeupofover100policewomenfrom
IndiananditissenttoLiberia.
www.unfoundation.org | [email protected] | 202.887.9040
Key Dates in International Women’s History
2009 MichelleObamabecomesthefirstAfrican-AmericanFirstLadyoftheUnitedStates.
SoniaSotomayorbecomesthefirstHispanic,andthirdwoman,toserveasajusticeoftheU.S.Supreme
Court.
2011 UNWomenisformedoutofanumberofexistingUNorganizations.UNWomenisformedtofurtherthe
empowermentofwomenandgirlsandtoadvocateforgenderequality.
About the UN Foundation
TheUnitedNationsFoundation,apubliccharitywascreatedin1998withentrepreneurandphilanthropistTedTurner’shistoric$1
billiongifttosupportUNcausesandactivities.Webuildandimplementpublic-privatepartnershipstoaddresstheworld’smost
pressingproblems,andworktobroadensupportfortheUNthroughadvocacyandpublicoutreach.Throughinnovative
campaignsandpartnerships,weconnectpeople,ideas,andresourcestohelptheUNsolveglobalproblems.Thecampaignshelp
reducechildmortality,empowerwomenandgirls,createanewenergyfuture,securepeaceandhumanrights,andpromote
technologyinnovationtoimprovehealthoutcomes.ThesesolutionsarehelpingtheUNadvancetheeightglobaltargetsknownas
theMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs).Formoreinformation,visitwww.unfoundation.org.
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