Keeping an Operational Eye on Wind and Solar

Keeping an Operational Keeping an Operational

Eye on Wind and SolarEye on Wind and Solar

Presentation for REIS SeminarPresentation for REIS Seminar

at the University of Hawaiiat the University of Hawaii

September 2, 2010September 2, 2010

Topic

• What is being done to manage renewable distributed generation?

2

Overview

• “Behind-the-meter” PV statistics for the islands

4

Hawaiian Islands

PV Penetration Overview

As of August 2010

HELCO MECO HECO

Big Island

Maui Molokai Lanai Oahu

Installed/Pre-Approved PV

(kW)17,259 9,032 535 2,053 21,578

2009 Peak Load (MW)

195 200 5.9 4.7 1200

Island PV Penetration

(%)8.9% 4.5% 9.1% 44% 1.8%

HECO High Penetration Distribution Circuits

6

Source: HECO

As of August 2010

MECO DG Status

7

Source: MECO

As of August 2010

HELCO High Penetration Distribution Circuits

Source: HELCO

As of August 2010

Locational Value Maps (LVM) of High Penetration Circuits

9

Standardized, web-

accessible LVM created

for HECO/MECO/HELCO

to visually track circuit

penetrations. Informs

developers of high

penetration locations

which may require study.

Internally, automatic links

from GIS, CIS, T&D

infrastructure details are

being tested. Future links

to other database layers

including outage mgt,

asset mgt. DSM & UFLS

circuits

•Areas with highest PV penetration on Oahu:

– Millilani and Honolulu: Due to customer PV

Oahu

Maui

Molokai

Lanai

• Areas with highest PV penetration in Maui County:– Wailuku/Kahului, Maui:

Due to large PV projects– Kaunakakai, Molokai:

Due to combination of small circuit loads and interconnected commercial PV systems

– Manele, Lanai: Due to Lanai Sustainability Research (LSR) 1.2 MW facility

• Areas with highest PV penetration on Big Island:– Kona Coast: Due

to large commercial PV systems

– Hilo: Due to combination of small circuit loads and interconnected commercial PV systems

– Waimea/Honokaa/Volcano: Due to small circuit loads and DG PV systems

Big Island of Hawaii

Common Pathways ForwardHawaiian Electric Companies

12

What will we need to successfully operate in 2030?

2010 Today

2010 Today

2030 Future

Renewable

resource

characterization

and monitoring

Renewable

resource

characterization

and monitoring

Increase system

operators real timevisibility of resources

and distribution system

(e.g. sensors, PMU)

Increase system

operators real timevisibility of resources

and distribution system

(e.g. sensors, PMU)

Distributed resource

penetration

monitoring and

management

(location, trends, etc)

Distributed resource

penetration

monitoring and

management

(location, trends, etc)

Use appropriate

renewable resource

gen/trans/DG models

Use appropriate

renewable resource

gen/trans/DG models

Field Monitoring& Validation

Field Monitoring& Validation

Develop and

implement Wind and

Solar ramp

forecasting tool

Develop and

implement Wind and

Solar ramp

forecasting tool

Integrated Sys. Modeling

Integrated Sys. Modeling

Increase DR Visibility on Sys.

Increase DR Visibility on Sys.

Capture DG impacts

in system planning

and operations

Capture DG impacts

in system planning

and operations

Add “aggregated” DG resource visibility to

system operations

Add “aggregated” DG resource visibility to

system operations

Implement variability

management tools(e.g. enhanced thermal

unit capability, load

management, storage,

smart grid, etc.)

Implement variability

management tools(e.g. enhanced thermal

unit capability, load

management, storage,

smart grid, etc.)

Increase com system bandwidth and

visualization capability

Increase com system bandwidth and

visualization capabilityFunded/Initiated

Have Not Initiated

Focus of Efforts• Resource and Circuit Load Monitoring

• Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis

• Planning & Operational Visualization Tools

• Ramping Mitigation Strategies

– Smart Load Shedding Schemes

– DG Inverter communications/control

• Policy Decisions to manage renewable DG

growth13




14

HiP-PV Field Monitoring

15

• Substation deployment of low cost TJD-1 pyranometer system for high

resolution, time synchronized solar resource monitoring (1sec) and data for

modeling at 12 kV substations

• Deployed at high-penetration circuits to assess PV impacts

• Promotes active participation by substation and field personnel

HiP-PV Field Monitoring

16

Local Solar Potential Monitors (LM-1)

17

• Mounted on com. tower leg; directly wired into RTU

• Less than 8-bit data transfer at 1 sec refresh

• All panels with same tilt axis facing SE

Operation Planning �� PredictiveVisualization & Data Monitoring

Ability to anticipate production on the system by linking solar resource information with installed capacity around the island




19

Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis

• Model distribution system (12kV, 46kV)

• Study the effects of high penetration PV on the circuit and system level

• Develop scenario/result database

• Validate model with measured data

• Suggested solutions

20




21

Automated Visualization Tools

22

1% < PV ≤ 5%

5% < PV% ≤ 10%

10% < PV% < 15%

PV ≥ 15%


23

1% < PV ≤ 5%

5% < PV% ≤ 10%

10% < PV% < 15%

PV ≥ 15%


24

1% < PV ≤ 5%

5% < PV% ≤ 10%

10% < PV% < 15%

PV ≥ 15%


25

1% < PV ≤ 5%

5% < PV% ≤ 10%

10% < PV% < 15%

PV ≥ 15%

Visualization Tools

• Planning

• Operations

26

Planning Visualization Tool

– Distribution Modeling/Analysis

– Scenario-based Conditions

– Validation with Measured Data

– Suggested Solutions

27

Operational Visualization Tool

– DG Penetration Levels

– Resource Map

– Circuit Load Map

– Communications Map

– Provide Alert Flags

• Planning Visualization Tool

• Operator Experience

28

H.U.I. WindNET

29

• Deployment of remote sensing devices (sodar) on Big Island for wind ramp rate forecasting pilot

• Leverage collaborations with CA, OR, HI utilities to operationalize an early warning capability for operators

• One of the first deployments in the nation for purposes of ramp forecasting for utility applications

Sites Visited

30

Questions/Comments??

Mahalo

HECO MECO HELCO

Family of HEI Utilities

Time of Day

What is the Right Mix?

Evening peak

remains

Solar PV driving

down day peak load

Solar Potential Period

32

Actual Solar Sub-hourly Trends

Source: HELCO

Ou

tpu

t (k

W)

Time of Day

Industrial Solar PV Project

PV Cluster and Aggregated Models

12kV

Substation

L

L

L

LM-1: shows 30%

Installed PV: 300 kW

Total Load: 1.5 MW

Effective Gen: 100kW

LL

• Characterize discrete and aggregated

circuit load profiles at 12 kV

substation (residential, industrial, commercial)

• Use reference LM-1 sensors to

estimate solar resource output at location

• Be able to project solar resource

potential and circuit loading to

account for behind-the-meter generation

L

L

L

Monitoring

Validation

Integration

Customer sites

Employee Volunteers

Parameterization of ramp rates over various time intervals and locations

Gain experience

Engage field personnel

Hi-Penetration PV Initiative (HiP PV)

• SMUD/HECO HiP-PV – (2010-2012)– Deploy monitoring devices, assess/validate impact of high

penetration circuits and integrate results into T&D models

– Investigate solar forecasting & graphics-based visualization

tools (pyranometers, sky imager, field data to EMS interface)

– Scenario-based modeling impact of high penetration PV on

select distribution circuits (HECO/HELCO/MECO)

• Industry Partnerships– SMUD, SunPower, BEW Engineering, AREVA, Siemens,

Schweitzer, SunPower for Schools, WECC Utilities, HNEI,

AWS Truewind, EPRI

34

Education

Keeping an Operational Eye on Wind and Solar