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Codes of ethics
Defining and describingstandards and best practices
Professions with ethical codes
Professions with ethical codes
• Doctors
Professions with ethical codes
• Doctors• Lawyers
Professions with ethical codes
• Doctors• Lawyers• Engineers, etc.
Sanctions for violations
• Loss of license
Sanctions for violations
• Loss of license• What is to stop someone from setting up practice
without a license?
Sanctions for violations
• Loss of license• What is to stop someone from setting up practice
without a license?• Government enforcement
The great debate
• Is journalism a profession?
The great debate
• Is journalism a profession?
• Can it be a profession without violating the First Amendment?
The great debate
• Is journalism a profession?
• Can it be a profession without violating the First Amendment?
• Can we have a binding code of ethics?
The rise of professionalism
• Adolph Ochs andThe New York Times
The rise of professionalism
• Adolph Ochs andThe New York Times
• Yellow journalist Joseph Pulitzer seeks a legacy
The rise of professionalism
• Adolph Ochs andThe New York Times
• Yellow journalist Joseph Pulitzer seeks a legacy
• Sigma Delta Chi (now SPJ) founded in 1909
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Developed by the American Society of Newspaper Editors
• Revised in 1975, now called the “Statement of Principles”
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility• Article 2: Freedom of the press
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility• Article 2: Freedom of the press• Article 3: Independence
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility• Article 2: Freedom of the press• Article 3: Independence• Article 4: Truth and accuracy
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility• Article 2: Freedom of the press• Article 3: Independence• Article 4: Truth and accuracy• Article 5: Impartiality
“Canons of Journalism” (1922)
• Article 1: Responsibility• Article 2: Freedom of the press• Article 3: Independence• Article 4: Truth and accuracy• Article 5: Impartiality• Article 6: Fair play
Discussion
• Where is objectivity?
Discussion
• Where is objectivity?• If the code isn’t
binding, what good is it?
Discussion
• Where is objectivity?• If the code isn’t
binding, what good is it?
• If the code is common sense, why have there been so many scandals?
SPJ Code of Ethics
• Borrowed from ASNE in 1926• Current code adopted in 1996• Four broad areas
SPJ Code of Ethics
• Borrowed from ASNE in 1926• Current code adopted in 1996• Four broad areas– Seek Truth and Report It
SPJ Code of Ethics
• Borrowed from ASNE in 1926• Current code adopted in 1996• Four broad areas– Seek Truth and Report It– Minimize Harm
SPJ Code of Ethics
• Borrowed from ASNE in 1926• Current code adopted in 1996• Four broad areas– Seek Truth and Report It– Minimize Harm– Act Independently
SPJ Code of Ethics
• Borrowed from ASNE in 1926• Current code adopted in 1996• Four broad areas– Seek Truth and Report It– Minimize Harm– Act Independently– Be Accountable
