Japan’s Japan’s Modern Modern HistoryHistory

►The emperor through out most of the Twentieth Century was __________________

Emperor Hirohito

Japan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes KoreaJapan Annexes Korea

Japan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in ChinaJapan Is a Player in China

Review:1) Manchuria Incident (1931): Ultranationalist

take over democracy, military fakes attack on Jap. railroad in Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades.

2) Japan Invades Rest of China (1937): KMT forced to join with CCP to fight Japan.

Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the

HorizonHorizon

Competition from Another Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the “Pacific” Power Is on the

HorizonHorizon

The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”The U. S. “Great White Fleet”

But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .

But, Japanese Power Would But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .Grow . . .

►Emperor Hirohito was the man that ordered the attack on __________ which forced the US to join WWII.

Pearl Harbor

ANSWER: Natural ANSWER: Natural ResourcesResources

What was the reason What was the reason for the attack on Pearl for the attack on Pearl

Harbor???Harbor???HINT: (HINT: (IT HAD SOMETHING TO DO IT HAD SOMETHING TO DO

WITH GEOGRAPHYWITH GEOGRAPHY))

Japan’s Vision of the WorldJapan’s Vision of the World

United StatesUnited States

JapanJapan

Germany & Italy

Germany & Italy

1942-1945: Island Hopping: US goes islands to island, est. airbases as they go.

15) 10/1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf: Jap. employ+lose every last ship, 1st kamkazes used, only Jap. army left (largest naval battle in history: Jap. lose 4 carriers, 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 12 destroyers)

Japanese Kamikaze Planes:

The Scourge of the South Pacific

Japanese Kamikaze Planes:

The Scourge of the South Pacific

Kamikaze Kamikaze PilotsPilots

Suicide Suicide BombersBombers

16) 2/1945: Yalta Conference: Big 3 discuss wars end:

a) USSR promises to E. Europe have elections

b) Join war against Jap. 90 days after Ger. defeat

c) USSR will get control over part of Ger. (+part of Berlin) + part of Asia

17) 4/1945: Invasion of Berlin: a) USSR reaches Berlin first, followed by

US+UK.b) Hitler commits suicide: VE Day: 5/08/1945c) 100,000 Germans raped by USSR troops

(USSR never punished for this)d) Capital Berlin divided in 4:

US/UK/USSR/France

Title: “WWII: Asia” 2) 1945: Cold War Begins: As Axis falls, fear

of USSR (Communism) rise. USSR likely to keep control of any land they invade.

18) All of 1945: Japanese Firebombing: US bombs Jap. cities, killing 80,000 to 100,000 people each run.

Title: “WWII: Asia” 1)2-4/1945: Battle of Iwo Jima + Okinawa:

US invasion of Jap. home islands, only Jap. army left, but suicidal resistance

2)(30-80% US casualty rate).

““I hear that the I hear that the enemy is boasting enemy is boasting of his demand for of his demand for unconditional unconditional surrender of surrender of Japan. Japan. Unconditional Unconditional surrender means surrender means that our national that our national structure and our structure and our people will be people will be destroyed. destroyed. Against such Against such boastful talk boastful talk there is only one there is only one measure we must measure we must take, to fight to take, to fight to the last.” –Pr. the last.” –Pr. Suzuki, Suzuki, 6/09/1945 6/09/1945

Despite great loses in men and equipment, Japan continued to fight savagely.

US fighter pilots also fought on the side of the Chinese of

which they called themselves the “Fighting Tigers.”

The US flew supplies over the Himalayas to help the Nationalist Chinese fight against Japan.

One by one, the US began recapturing islands from the Japanese.

The US became convinced that only a direct invasion of Japan would lead to an end to the war.

The US estimated that it would lose 1 million men in the invasion

7/1945: Atomic Bomb: New US Pres. Truman notified $2 bil (08: $25 bil) bomb project successful

Col. Paul Tibbets & The A-BombCol. Paul Tibbets & The A-Bomb

Title: “WWII: Asia” 8/06/1945: Hiroshima: Warned of “utter

destruction” if no surrender, no response

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945

70,000 killed 70,000 killed immediately.immediately.

48,000 buildings. 48,000 buildings. destroyed.destroyed.

100,000s died of 100,000s died of radiation radiation poisoning & poisoning & cancer later.cancer later.

“We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29s can carry on a single mission.

This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima… we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war.

Our president has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender.”

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945

40,000 killed 40,000 killed immediately.immediately.

60,000 injured.60,000 injured.100,000s died of100,000s died of

radiation radiation poisoningpoisoning& cancer later.& cancer later.

Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

“WWII: Asia” 7) 8/15/1945: Japan Surrenders: Emperor

Hirohitoorders surrender. US General MacArthur

controls Jap.

After the DestructionAfter the Destruction

MacArthur is MacArthur is named named Supreme Supreme Allied Allied Commander of Commander of the Pacific the Pacific and begins and begins the the occupation of occupation of JapanJapan

US Occupation-MacArthurUS Occupation-MacArthurDoes not try Hirohito for Does not try Hirohito for

war crimes because he war crimes because he is a popular figure for is a popular figure for the people of Japan.the people of Japan.

Begins food relief efforts Begins food relief efforts for the people of Japan for the people of Japan at the cost of over a at the cost of over a million dollars a day.million dollars a day.

Helps set up a democracy Helps set up a democracy by helping draft a US by helping draft a US style constitution-style constitution-Hirohito is a figure head Hirohito is a figure head but has no real power.but has no real power.

Insist that Japan be Insist that Japan be allowed into trade allowed into trade alliances.alliances.

•The Allies, under the command of US General Douglas MacArthur,

oversaw Japan and the drafting of a new constitution after WWII.•The new constitution established a democratic government, reduced the size of Japan’s military to a defensive force, and allowed for a modified version of the emperor. It also guaranteed certain human rights and extended women the right to vote.•In 1951, Japan became independent again. However, it kept a close relationship with the US.•The US poured lots of money into rebuilding Japan and helped it grow economically. Today, Japan is one of the wealthiest and economically strongest nations in the world.

Outcomes for JapanOutcomes for JapanJapan has a modern Japan has a modern

economic miracle.economic miracle.

Best educated work force Best educated work force in the world.in the world.

Women granted rightsWomen granted rights

Old power structure, and Old power structure, and class system broken class system broken down and replaced.down and replaced.

Peasants could and did Peasants could and did own property.own property.

Democracy still reigns to Democracy still reigns to this day.this day.