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Index1. Introduction
- Where's Switzerland
2. Historical overview: Language policy
3. Languages
3. Italian in Switzerland
- Ticino
-Administration
- Education
- media
-Social life
4. Summary
1. Where's plurilingual Switzerland?
The Swiss franc
Here!
Writer Johanna Spyri
Swiss nationality 1901-1955
Bünder Herschaft
2. Historical overview of language policy
- 19th C Multingualism acquired a political significance
- 1848' constitution, Cantons got political and cultural autonomy
and provided multilingualism
- The revised 1874 constitution added that 3 national L must be represented in Court
- 1985: Martin Bundi asked for a revision of the constitution to protect minority L.
- 1996 Constitution: measures by the Cantons of Grison and Ticino to maintain and promote Romansh and Italian L.
3. Languages
The 26 cantons designate their official languages.
- Monolingual:German: 17 cantons French: 4 cantons Italian: 1 canton (Ticino)
- Bilingual cantons(Gr-Fr): 3 cantons (Bern, Fribourg and Valais)
-Trilingual cantons (Gr, It and Rom): 1 canton (Grisons)
LANGUAGE % Absolut values
GERMAN 63.7 4.640.459FRENCH 20.4 1.485.056ITALIAN 6.5 470.961ROMANSH 0.5 35.095NON-NATIONAL LAlb., Croat., En Maced.,Port., Serb., Spanish, Tur., Ukr.,
9.0 656.539
THE SECOND LANGUAGE MORE SPOKEN
4. Italian in Switzerland
Similar to standard Italian but Swiss Italian presents some differences due to the presence of French and German from which it assimilates words
Ticino and 4 valleys in Grisons
Outside the italian-speaking area43% 56,6%
MAIN LANGUAGE, ITALIAN (year 2000)
Comparison between the main language and the L spoken in the family
Main language and language spoken in the family according to nationality (year 2000)
Canton of Ticino
• Belongs to the italian-speaking area
• The italian cultural area is a essential component
of its identity
a) Italian in administration
DISCRIMINATION: An economic issue?
Websites are mostly in German, French and English
b) Education• Medium of instruction: Italian • The official language at University is Italian.
• INMIGRANTS– courses in Italian
– classes in the language
and civilization of the country of origin.
Level Hours of Italian per week
Primary 1 5 h15 min
Primary 2 4 h 30 min
Lower secondary1
6h
Lower sec 2 5h
Lower sec 3
Lower sec 4
6h
5 h
Reinforcement of multilingualism
In 2002 the state council aproved a reform to streghten multilingualism in Ticino. It becomed general from the 2006/2007 scholar year
language Compulsory beginning Scholar year Minimun numbers of teaching
French Primary 3 7 years
German Secondary 2 3 years
English Secondary 3 1 year
Outside the Italian speaking areas
• It's precarious
• Since 1970 courses in Italian for teachers.
It helped to promote compulsory italian education in The canton of Uri.
• The growing importance of English makes harder to promote italian.
Ticino in PISASwitzerland is in the media but Ticino is the last among the Swiss cantons.
Media
Economic and social life
Summary
• - 3 oficial and 4 national languages
• - 26 Cantons have autonomy
• - Plurilingual Country? 22 monolingual cantons, 3 bilinguals and 1 monilongual (Ticino)
• - Italian is mainly spoken in Ticino and 3 vallis of Grisons
• - Ticino
– - Italian medium of instruction in education
– - Measures for inmigrants to learn italian and their own Culture
– - Measures for multilingualism
– - Italian outside Ticino is precarious
– - The worst results in Pisa. REFLECTION: monolingual Canton?¿
– - The landscape is mainly in Italian
– There are 4 newspapers and radio and TV only in Italian
Olatz Oñate Muzá[email protected]
