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ISTC: Plagiarism
and APA StyleLaksamee Putnam – Research & Instruction Librarian
Slides: http://bit.ly/istc201sp2015c3
Please login to a computer
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First… Laksamee Putnam
Cook Library Reference:
410.704.2462.
IM/email
Phone: 410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Albert S. Cook facebook profile
Slides: http://bit.ly/istc201sp2015c3
Agenda
Class discussion
APA citation style
APA worksheet
Slides: http://bit.ly/istc201sp2015c3
It’s out there, why not reuse it?
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85 Plagiarism: Maybe it’s not so bad (2013) On the media podcast. http://wny.cc/1dNVisf
Godin, S. (2014) Why I want you to steal my ideas. ideas.ted.com Retrieved from http://ideas.ted.com/2014/02/03/the-big-mistake-we-all-make-about-ideas/
• Kenneth Goldsmith suggests that music and art are built on
plagiarism, and now the internet is making that possible for
text. What do you think of his philosophy and the
implications of “patch writing”?
• What makes some plagiarism “wrong” or “right”?
Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student
class attendance. Computers &
Education, 59(2), 167-172.
doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
APA Style
Citations
APA Style
References
Style Manuals
Different disciplines use different
style manuals
Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)
Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
The point is…
Acknowledge where you found the
information
Briefly identify the source
Allows others to find additional
information
What needs to be cited? Books
Web Pages
Magazine articles
Graphics
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
What needs to be cited?
Direct quotes
Ideas borrowed
Paraphrased material
In-text Citation needs:
Direct Quote
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Page number
Paraphrase
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Direct Quote: In-text citation
Obesity was once considered “either a
moral failing or evidence of underlying
psychopathology” (Yanovski and
Yanovski, 2002, p. 592).
A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
Direct Quote: In-text citation
Longer than 40 words?
Indented five spaces from left margin in
block format
Usually it is better to paraphrase
The wrong way to paraphrase:
Failure to Cite Source
Original
“They desire, for example, virtue and the absence of vice, no less really than pleasure and the absence of pain.”
Source: Mill, John Stuart. “Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and Other Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Quote is from page 169.
Paraphrase
People want
morality just as much
as they want
happiness.
The wrong way to paraphrase:
Lack of Significant Rewording Original
“To the young American architects who made the pilgrimage, the most dazzling figure of all was Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus School.”
Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to Our House. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1981. Quote is from page 10.
Paraphrase
To young American
architects who went
to Germany, the
most dazzling figure
was Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School
(Wolfe, 1981).
Paraphrase: In-text citation Original
America today has veered too far in the direction of formal testing without adequate consideration of the costs and limitations of an exclusive emphasis on that approach.
Paraphrase
In the United States, the education system places too much emphasis on formal testing, overlooking the limitations and expenses imposed when that assessment strategy is employed exclusively (Gardner, 1993).
Paraphrase: In-text citation Original
The Republican Convention of 1860 … is sometimes seen as a symbol of Whig triumph within the party. A closer look, however, indicates that the Whig’s triumph within the party was of a very tentative nature.”
Paraphrase
Contrary to many historians, Eric Foner(1995)argues that the Republican platform of 1860 should not be understood as an indication of Whig dominance of the party.
In-text Citations More than one author
Two authors
Greenfield and Savage (1990)
(Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)
Three to five authors
You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the
first citation.
Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
(Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”
Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
(Terrace et al., 1979)
Six or more authors
Use first authors last name and then et al.
In-text Citations
Organization as author
Government or other organization
Use organization name as author in signal phrase
Use organization in parenthetical citation
The National Institute of Mental Health (2001)…
(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
Special cases
If you have more than one author with
the same last name, use the first initial in
the citation
(Smith, A., 2002)
If you have more than one work in the
same year by the same author, use letters
a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source
(Entman, 2004a)
References The in-text citation must match up with the references
entry
Use the heading “References” at the top of a new page
List entries alphabetically Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization
name or title)
Double space each entry
No extra spaces between entries
If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
References - Website Create a reference for this website
Author or sponsoring organization:
Last update or Copyright date?:
Title of page:
Format if applicable:
Retrieved from:
References - Website Create a reference for this website
Author or sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Last update or Copyright date?: (n.d.).
Title of page: What is cyberbullying.
Format if applicable:
Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it/index.html
Website example
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
(n.d.). What is cyberbullying. Retrieved from
http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/w
hat-is-it/index.html
Notes:
1. If you can’t find a date n.d. is inserted as an abbreviation for No Date
2. Format is inserted between [brackets] and can be used for [Video file]
[Brochure] etc.
3. Date retrieved is only required if content is likely to change
References – Books Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors: Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Book Title:
Publication information: City and state
Publisher
References – Books Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors: Grant, J.
Date of publication: (1994).
Book Title: I hate school!: Some common sense answers for educators & parents who want to know why & what to do about it
Publication information: Rosemont, NJ: Modern Learning Press.
Book ExampleGrant, J. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense
answers for educators & parents who want to
know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial,
publication date, book title, and publisher.
2. Book title is always in italics.
3. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
References – Journals Create a reference for this journal article
Article author: Last name First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Article title:
Periodical title:
Publication information: Volume number and issue number (if available) Page numbers
Digital Object Identifier number:
References – Journals Create a reference for this journal article
Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.
Date of publication: (2011).
Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary science education.
Periodical title: Journal of Science Education & Technology,
Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.
Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-yx
Journal ExamplePeleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre
in primary science education. Journal of Science Education
& Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication
date, article title, and publication information.
2. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one
author), journal title and volume number.
3. Article title is never italicized – always written normal.
4. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and
after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.
5. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
6. Place a space between author first name and middle initial
Journal Articles Extra Info
Articles retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to
include database information
Articles not including a doi number should
contain the journal URL after the page
numbers such as
Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
Practice creating citations
Go here to complete the plagiarism
worksheet
http://bit.ly/istc201apa2015sp
Please ask if you have questions!
Please provide feedback for ALL the
library sessions here
http://bit.ly/istcfeedback
Questions? Feel free to contact me:
Laksamee Putnam
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Or any reference librarian:
Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat
