IRRIGATION DEVELOPEMENT IN INDIA

BY,R.VENKATESH

PERCENTAGE OF WATER USED BY CATEGORY

irrigation; 37%

livestock; 1%mining and oil

&gas; 1%public supply; 12%

thermoelectric power; 41%

aquaculture; 2% domestic; 1% industrial; 5%

LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN OF INDIA

Total geographical area : 328.72M haArea under forest : 70.007 M haCultivable area : 180.35 M haNet cultivated area : 141.10 M haNet Area sown : 139.932 M haArea under non : 100. 45 M haagricultural useAverage of Land Holding :80 % farmers have < 1.4 ha

RAINFALL

Average Annual Rainfall - 1170 mm

Maximum Average Annual Rainfall - 11000 mm(Cherrapunji)

Minimum Average Annual Rainfall - 100 mm(Western Rajasthan)

LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN TAMIL NADU

Total geographical area : 13.006 m ha

Area under forest : 2.125 m ha

Total cropped area : 5.140 m ha

Net area sown : 4.544m ha

IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT

Potential Created as % of Ultimate Irrigation Potential

201057%

199243%

Chart Title

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture

India (in thousand hectares) 2009-10

Net sown area;

140021Net ir-rigated area; 63254

Rain-fed

area; 76767

Tamilnadu(in thousand hectares) 2009-10

Net Sown Area ; 4892

Net ir-rigated Area ; 2864

Rainfed area; 2028

Gap between gross cropped area and gross irrigated area has not reduced since the first Five Year Plan [Source: Economic Survey, February 27, 2015

1950-51 1990-91 2000-01 2009-10 2010-110

50

100

150

200

250

gross cropped areagross irrigated areaarea sown more than once

Are

a in

Mill

ion

ha

DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM

IMPACTS

LAND USE CHANGES DURING LAST TWO DECADES (AREA IN MHA)

year Agricultural land Net sown area Non agril. uses

1980-81 185.15 140.29 19.59

1990-91 185.18 142.99 19.39

2000-01 183.45 141.34 23.75

2009-10 182.46 140.02 26.17

PER CAPITA AVAILABILITY

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1951 1991 2001 2025 2050

Wat

er A

vaili

bilty

(Cub

ic m

eter

per

ca

pita

per

yea

r)

Water Stress Line

Water Scarcity Line

PER CAPITA AVAILABILITY

1951 1991 2010 2025 2050

36.1 84.63 115.7 133.3 158.1

3008

128.3

938814

687

population (crore) average water resourses (m3/person/year)

WATER USE – CHANGING TRENDS OF THE FUTURE

Present Scenario Likely Scenario for 2050

Use Percentage Use Percentage

Agriculture 83% Agriculture 68%

Industry 5% Industry 9%

Domestic 5% Domestic 7%

Others 7% Others 16%

REFERENCES

• Hydrology and water resources information system

for India  

• Ministry of agriculture

• www.ibef.org

•  Ministry of water resource, www.mowr.nic.in

• Agricultural statistics at a glance 2014

• Government of India

Save Water