Introduction to TRIZ

by: Nurul Haszeli AhmadMatrix Power Network Sdn.Bhd

31 July 2012

Introduction to TRIZ

TRIZ Methods and Process

Practical

Q & A

Why Innovate?

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Source: http://www.k-state.edu/udlearnsite/Lesson3.htmSource: http://the.lavida.me.uk/

Why innovate?

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INNOVATION is the fuel for growth.When a company runs out of innovation, It runs out of growth.Gary Hamel (Author of Leading the Revolution & Competing for the future)

”dan Kami jadikan pelita yang amat terang(matahari)”-Surah An-Nabak 78:13

“Tidakkah kamu perhatikan bagaimana Allah telah menciptakan tujuh langit bertingkat-tingkat”-Surah An-Nuh 71:15-16

“Dan Dialah yang telah menciptakan malam dan siang, matahari dan bulan. Masing-masing dari keduanya itu beredar di dalam GARIS EDARNYA.”-Surah Al-Anbiyak 21:33

What ALLAH says:

Innovation Around Us

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Sample Cases:

Vanki Studio (http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2002/08/a/vankistudio1.swf)

- Toy that could swing left and right and move their head at the same time

- Shooting range case- Missing petrol incident

Innovation Around Us

6Source: http://openinnovationforum.com/

Why TRIZ?

7Courtesy of Oxford Creativity (Source: http://www.triz.co.uk)

Why TRIZ?

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1. Use the world knowledge

Courtesy of Oxford Creativity (Source: http://www.triz.co.uk)

Why TRIZ?

9Courtesy of Oxford Creativity (Source: http://www.triz.co.uk)

2. Systematic and Repeatable

Why TRIZ

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Courtesy of Oxford Creativity (Source: http://www.triz.co.uk)

3. Based on proven successful patents

4. You can build your own toolkit from the TRIZ tools

5. It’s quick

6. It can be used in groups

7. It is not just for engineers

8. It makes everybody creatives

The Story

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Definition

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Definition:- Pronounce as /’tri:z/

- Теория решения изобретательских задач (Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch)

- "The theory of solving inventor's problems" or "The theory of inventor's problem solving“ or “Theory of Innovative Problem Solving”

The Genius

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• Genrikh Saulovich Altshuller (Ге́! нрих Сау́!лович Альтшу́!лле́р, pronounced [ˈɡʲɛnrʲɪx sʌ.uləvʲɪtɕ əltʲʂu.lʲɪr])

• Oct 15, 1926 – Sep 24, 1998• At age 14 – First patent• 1946 – Patent Officer at Russian Navy• 1947 – Come out with TRIZ • 1948 – at Gulag (7 years) – inventor’s sabotage• Released after Stalin died• > 2 million patent analyzed

Evolution of Problem Solving

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Cont

ent

Time300AD 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020

HeuristicsRules of Thumb

DeBono/Buzan

Function Analysis

QFD

6 ∂DFMEA

MH Analysis

SOVIET TRIZ

Simplified TRIZ

Evolution of TRIZ

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What is TRIZ trying to do?

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CREATIVITY

INVENTIONINNOVATION

What is TRIZ trying to do

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Pet Operated Ball Thrower

Retractable Table Top for a Toilet

Weed Cutting Golf Club Sanitary Security Sock System

To avoid silly

Level of Inventiveness

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1. Quantitative Improvement

2. Qualitative Improvement

3. New marketsegmentation

4. New concept / combine function

/principle

5. New Principles

The TOOL

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40 Inventive Principles

Contradiction (Contradiction Matrix)

Ideality

Inventive Standard (Standard Solutions)

Trends of Evolution (S-Curves)

Resources

Functional Analysis / Function Attribute Analysis

S-Fields / Su-Field Analysis

System Operator / 9 Windows

ARIZ

TRIZ: Tool, Methods & Philosphy

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Creativity

Innovation

Ideality, Evolution

My Problem

My Solution

Problem like Mine

Generic Solution

IFR, Contradictions, Trends, Resources, Function Analysis, S-Fields, Inventive

Principles

TARGET

Philosophy

Complete Method

Tool Collection

Foundation of TRIZ: 40 Inventive Principles

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All Invention are made of 40 and ONLY 40 principles

Althuller derived from a study of > 2M of patent

TRIZ inventor confident with this 40 principles, any invention problem

SHOULD be able to resolved

40 Inventive Principles

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1. Segmentation2. Extraction / Separation / Removal /

Segregation3. Local Quality4. Asymmetry5. Combining, Integration, Mergin6. Universality, Multi-functional7. Nesting8. Counter-weight, Levitation, Anti-Weight9. Preliminary anti-action, Prior

counteraction10. Prior action11. Cushion in advance, compensate before12. Equipotentiality, remove stress13. Inversion, The other way around14. Spheroidality, Curvilinearity15. Dynamicity, Optimization16. Partial or excessive action17. Another Dimension18. Mechanical vibration/oscillation19. Periodic action20. Continuity of a useful action

21. Rushing through / Skipping22. Convert harm into benefit, "Blessing in

disguise“, Make lemonade from lemon23. Feedback24. Mediator, intermediary25. Self-service, self-organization26. Copying27. Cheap, disposable/short-living objects28. Mechanics Substitution29. Pneumatics or hydraulics / Liquids30. Flexible membranes or thin film31. Use of porous materials32. Changing color or optical properties33. Homogeneity34. Rejection and regeneration, Discarding

and recovering35. Parameter changes36. Phase transformation / transition37. Thermal expansion38. Use strong oxidizers, enriched

atmospheres, accelerated oxidation39. Inert environment or atmosphere40. Composite materials

40 Inventive Principles

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How many ways you can come out in order to remove water from the bowl?* Without moving the bowl

1. Absorption2. Archimedes’ Principles3. Bernoulli’s Theorem4. Boiling/Evaporation5. Explosion6. Pump7. Surface Tension8. Use of foam9. Siphon

Contradiction Matrix

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• Use when two or more different parameters conflict each other in order to solve a problem– Reduce cost of a car Vs Safety– Increase Performance Vs User Feel– Security Vs Performance

• Physical and Technical Contradiction– Physical: Creates a conflict with the same parameter object– Technical: Different parameters conflict each other

• Solved by using Inventive Principles or other TRIZ tools• 39 parameters identified

Contradiction Matrix: The 39

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1. Weight of moving object2. Weight of stationary object3. Length of moving object4. Length of stationary object5. Area of moving object6. Area of stationary object7. Volume of moving object8. Volume of stationary object9. Speed10. Force (Intensity)11. Stress or Pressure12. Shape13. Stability of the object’s composition14. Strength15. Duration of action of moving object16. Duration of action of stationary object17. Temperature18. Illumination intensity19. Use of energy by moving object20. Use of energy by stationary object

21. Power22. Loss of Energy23. Loss of substance24. Loss of Information25. Loss of Time26. Quantity of substance27. Reliability28. Measurement accuracy29. Manufacturing precision30. Object-affected harmful factors31. Object-generated harmful factors32. Ease of manufacture33. Ease of operation34. Ease of repair35. Adaptability of versatility36. Device complexity37. Difficulty of detecting and measuring38. Extent of automation39. Productivity

The Matrix

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How to use?

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• Desired changes versus undesired changes• What we want versus What we don’t want• Ideal End Result versus Affected Parameters• Improve Versus Worsening Parameters• Eg: To increase speed of vehicles and at the same time increase

safety– Speed versus Safety– Safety versus Speed

• Parameter No. 9 Vs No. 27• Parameter No. 27 Vs No. 9

– Result: • Principles No. 11, 35, 27, 28 • Principles No. 21, 35, 11, 28

IFR

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• A description of the best possible solution for the problem situation (or contradiction) regardless of the resources or constraints of the original problem

• To overcome psychological inertia and reach breakthrough solutions by thinking about the solution in terms of functions, not the intervening problems or needed resources.

• It focuses on functions needed, not the current process or equipment• The goal of formulating the IFR is to eliminate rework by addressing the root

cause of the problem or customer need.• A basic principle of TRIZ is that systems evolve towards increased ideality, where

ideality is defined as • Ideality = S Benefits / (S Costs + S Harm)

– Evolution is in the direction of » Increasing benefits» Decreasing costs» Decreasing harm

IFR

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• 4 characteristics of IFR

1.

•Eliminates the deficiencies of the original system

2.

•Preserves the advantages of the original system

3.

•Does not make the system more complicated (uses free or available resources.)

4.

•Does not introduce new disadvantages

• TRIZ ApproachCurrent IFR

Starts HereIntermediate Solution

IFR

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• IFR solutions is pure FUNCTIONZero Product Cost

Zero Weight

Zero Size/Volume

Zero Quality Defects

Zero Development Cost

Zero Time To Market

IFR

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• Eg:– Self Cleaning Clothes– Self Cleaning Glass– Self Cleaning Wall Paint– Self Monitoring Car– Self-timing egg

Current Solution Space

IFR

Intermediate Solution Space

TIME

Inventive Standard

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• To solve complex industrial problem

• A Structured rules for synthesis and reconstruction of technical system

• Divided into 5 classes– Class-1: Building and Destruction of S-Fields– Class-II: Development of S-Fields– Class-III: Transition to Supersystem and Microlevel– Class-IV: Standards for Detection and Measuring– Class-V: Standards on Application of Standards

Inventive Standard

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Example at TRIZ Journal

• Steps in applying the standard

1. Define the type of problem in the beginning.

2. Build an initial s-field model of the problem.

3. Apply the Standards for development of the s-field model of a generic solution

4. Refine developed s-field model

5. Generate the specific solution concepts

Trends of Evolution (S-curves)

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to predict the future characteristics of the products in the process of product evolution

based on the fact that all products, process or technical systems evolve over time

There are certain patterns of evolution which repeats in every product or system

According to TRIZ, if this trend or patterns is apply properly, then we can predict the future of the product

S-Curves

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• Laws governing the Trends of Evolution– Static Law– Dynamic law– Cinematic Law

• Trends in Technology Evolution– Transition from single to double to multiple – The transition from rigid to flexible to wave technologies– The transition from mechanical to thermal to electronic energy

application– Transition from large to small – Strait lines to curves – Manual to automatic, or moving towards decreasing human

involvement– Transition towards controllability

Resources

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• One of TRIZ fundamental in solving problem• Evaluate the resources around us

– Smell, Touch, and See– Negative or positive resources– Big or small resources– Mechanical, human, electrical, water, air, etc

• Divided into– Substances– Energy– Space– Time– Functions– Information– Combine Resources

Resources

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• How to use?– Prioritize

• First consider free of charge resource which are already there in the system

• resources outside the system but easily available and at very low cost

• resources available at a cost – Analyze

• Formulate a list of resources • prioritize them in their order, internal and free at the top,

external and paid at the bottom. • Define what kind of resources are needed for solving the

problem • Evaluate and estimate each of the existing resources • Prioritize in the order of their effects/ usefulness to the given

problem

Function Attribute Analysis (FAA)

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• to understand the elements of the system, their interactions, and the problems with those interactions

• Why? Solutions change over time BUT functions remain– Functions: Move from A to B

• Walk, Horse, Motorbike, Car– Functions: Cleaned clothes

• Soap, Water, Detergent, etc– Functions: Remove water from tank

• Break, pump, foam, boiling, etc

• Defined– Process mapping – Steps in a time sequence– Relationships between system elements at each process step

FAA

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Main Function M

Useful functions

Harmful functions

Insufficient functions

Excessive functions

Missing functions

1. Identified the components

2. Identified the functions• Main Functions• Sub-functions• Etc

3. Characterize functions• Useful functions• Negative functions

4. Define problem

5. Look for solutions idea

FAA

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•Can I eliminate this part?•Do I need the functions

offered by the part?•Can something else in or

around the system perform the functions?

•Can an existing part perform the function?

•Can a low cost alternative perform the functions

TRIMMING RULES

Su-Field

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S1 is a "product" that will be machined, processed, developed, measured, changed, etc.

S2 is a "tool," an element that provides (or produces) these changes, actions or operations. Typically, only a tool can be modified and improved.

F is a "field" (or energy, force) used by the tool, S2, to act upon the product, S1.Lines between elements show interaction between elements. Interactions can be useful, harmful, unregulated, poor or absent.

What is S-Field Model1. An s-field consists of at least two substances ("S1" and "S2") and a field ("F")2. In an s-field model, "S1" is a product that will be processed, "S2" is a tool that

processes and "F" is a field (or energy or force) used by the tool "S2" to act on the product "S1".

3. The fields in a s-field can be: Mechanical (pressure, force, gravity) Electrical (electric field, current, electric waves) Magnetic (magnetic fields) Thermal (application of heat or cold) Audible (acoustic sound, waves of all frequencies) Chemical (chemical reactions that change a substance) Biological (biological interactions between elements).

http://www.realinnovation.com/content/c070409a.asp

Space-Time Interface

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• Also know as 9-windows / System Operator• Take into account not just the system or problem but

also the main problem or main system and/or the sub-system

• Shows the trend of the solutions• Will help to find/identified problem correctly• It can be 12-windows• Start with present than move front and back (past &

future) and move up and down (sub and super)

Space-Time Interface

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Past Present Future

Hyper System

Super System

Current

Sub System

Current Solution

ARIZ

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• Russian Acronym for "Algorithm of Inventive Problem Solving".• The analytical tool of TRIZ used for defining a problem through problem defining algorithm• ARIZ (ARIZ85C) contains nine steps as below.

– Restructuring of the Original Problem• Analysis of the system, which helps to define the basic function of the system and the root

conflict that is worth solving. • Analysis of the resources of the system includes analysis of the zone where the selected

conflict happens, periods when it happens and objects and energy that system has. • Define the Ideal Final Result and Formulate the Physical Contradiction

– II. Removing the Physical Contradiction • Separate the Physical Contradiction-which includes application of one of six rules to separate

conflicting requirements. • Apply the Knowledge Base: Effects, Standards, and Principles • Change or reformulate the problem

– III. Analyzing the Solution • Review the Solution and Analyze the Removal of the Physical Contradiction, • Develop Maximum Usage of the Solution, • Review all the Stages in ARIZ in "Real Time" Application.

Quick Test for a good solution

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After getting the solutions:

It is Obvious It is Simple It is

Elegant

Conclusion

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• Someone, somewhere, had solve the problem• Innovation (part of MIMOS tag) is putting the idea into

saleable item• 90% of ideas are not saleable (

http://www.patentlysilly.com/)• TRIZ is NOT a SOLUTION to a problem BUT a tool to

generate better and useable idea to solve the problem.• TRIZ is not to find root cause of a problem BUT a tool

to solve founded root cause of a problem

Ideally

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References

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• http://en.wikipedia.org • http://www.triz.co.uk/pwpcontrol.php?pwpID=166• http://www.trizsite.com/startup/default.asp • http://www.innovation-triz.com • http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/07/b/index.html • http://triz40.com/ • http://www.triz-journal.com • http://www.aitriz.org • http://www.insytec.com/TRIZApproach.htm

Thank you.Thank you.Nurul Haszeli Ahmad

masteramuk@yahoo.comhttp://malaysiandeveloper.blogspot.com