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Introduction to ProgrammingClass 13
Paul Brebner
2d -> 3d
• So far we’ve worked in 2d (x,y) dimensions– E.g. Line, rectangles, ellipses, etc.
• How about 3d? (x,y,z)?– Spheres, Cubes, etc– Problem: Computer screen is 2d– But Video card can display 3d world on 2d screen
• Tell Processing to use 3dvoid setup(){
size(200, 200, P3D); // 3rd parameter}
3d co-ordinates and shapes
• X dimension is horizontal (+ to the right)
• Y dimension is vertical (+ down, - up)
• Z dimension is in/out (+ towards you, - away)
• 3d shapes are:– box(size)
– sphere(size)
– Custom using vertex()
– Box and sphere only have 1 argument! Size• How do you draw them in a (x,y,z) location???
Box (sketch_3dA)
void setup(){
size(200, 200, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);
box(100); // where's my box? Try making it bigger}
Translate – move the screen!
• All 3d objects are drawn at (0,0,0)
• To draw them somewhere else, move the screen with the translate(x,y,z) function
void setup(){
size(200, 200, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);translate(50, 0, 0); // move screen 50 acrossbox(100);
}
Box (sketch_3dB)
void setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);// translate(frameCount, 0, 0); // move in x direction only// translate(0, frameCount, 0); // move in y direction only// translate(0, 0, frameCount); // move in x direction only// translate(frameCount, frameCount, 0); // move in x and y// translate(frameCount, frameCount, frameCount); // x y and z// translate(frameCount, frameCount, -frameCount); // vanishing acttranslate(mouseX, mouseY, 0); // use mouse for x and ybox(100); // where's my box?
}
Box + rotate (sketch_3dC)rotate(radians(degrees))
void setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);translate(frameCount, frameCount, 0); rotateX(radians(frameCount)); // let’s SPIN!rotateY(radians(frameCount));rotateZ(radians(frameCount));box(100);
}
Box + scale (sketch_3dD)scale(1, 1, 1) same size, scale(2, 2, 2)
x2 size etcvoid setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);translate(frameCount, frameCount, 0); rotateX(radians(frameCount)); // let’s SPIN!rotateY(radians(frameCount));rotateZ(radians(frameCount)); scale(frameCount, frameCount, frameCount); // explode!// scale(frameCount, frameCount/10, frameCount/10); // what does this do?
box(100);}
Add some colour 3dE
void setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);fill( frameCount * 3 % 255,
frameCount * 5 % 255,frameCount * 7 % 255);
translate(frameCount, frameCount, 0); rotateX(radians(frameCount)); // let’s SPIN!rotateY(radians(frameCount));rotateZ(radians(frameCount));scale(frameCount, frameCount/10, frameCount/10);box(1);
}
Lights 3dF
void setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);translate(width/2, height/2, 0); // move it to the centrerotateX(radians(frameCount)); // let’s SPIN!rotateY(radians(frameCount));rotateZ(radians(frameCount));if (mousePressed) lights(); // lights are turned off each frame, defaultbox(100); // try sphere();
}
Lights 3dG
Other lights// ambient light just has a colour
ambientLight(0,0,255); // RGB arguments for blue ambient
// directional light has colour and directiondirectionalLight(0, 255, 0, 0, -1, 0); // RGB colour and direction (1,0,-1) for (x,y,z)
// spotlight has colour, location, direction, angle, concentrationspotLight(255, 0, 0, width/2, height/2, 400, 0, 0, -1, PI/4, 2);
Lights 3dG
void setup(){
size(500, 500, P3D); // go 3d!}
void draw(){
background(0);translate(width/2, height/2, 0); // move it to the centre// directionalLight(0, 255, 0, 1, -1, -1); spotLight(255, 0, 0, mouseX-(width/2), mouseY-(height/2), 400, 0, 0, -1, PI/4, 100);// box(100);sphere(100);
}
More
• Lights, camera, action
• camera() sets where the viewer is
• perspective() sets how far away you are
• texture() add image to 3d objects
• Try
– Java Examples, Demos, Graphics, Planets
