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Introduction to Computers
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Badrinath M. KadamSystem and Network Administrator
Badrinath M. KadamSystem and Network Administrator
What is a Computer?
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How is a computer defined?
Produces and stores results
Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Processes data into informationinformation
Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful
Accepts datadataRaw facts, figures, and symbols
What is a Computer?
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What is the information processing cycle? Input Process Output Storage Communication
The Components of a Computer
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What is an input device? Hardware used
to enter dataand instructions
The Components of a Computer
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What is an output device? Hardware that
conveys information to one or morepeople
The Components of a Computer
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What is the system unit? Case
containingelectroniccomponentsused to processdata
The Components of a Computer
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What are two main components on the motherboard?
Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)Also called a processor
The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
MemoryMemoryConsists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
The Components of a Computer
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What is storage?
Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored
Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored
Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium
Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium
Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
The Components of a Computer
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What is storage media?
Digitalcameras
Digitalcameras
Handheldcomputers
Handheldcomputers
Portable, thin memory cards used in:
Portable, thin memory cards used in:
The Components of a Computer
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What is a floppy disk? Thin, circular,
flexible disk enclosed in rigid plastic shell
The Components of a Computer
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What is a USB flash drive? Provides much
greater storage capacity than a floppy disk or Zip® disk
Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket
The Components of a Computer
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What is a hard disk? Provides greater storage
capacity than a floppy disk, Zip disk, or USB flash drive
Most are housed inside of the system unit
The Components of a Computer
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What is a compact disc? Flat, round, portable metal disc
CD-ROM DVD-ROM
The Components of a Computer
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What is a communications device?
Hardware component that enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions, and information
Hardware component that enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions, and information
Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other transmission media
Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other transmission media
Storage Communications
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
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What are the advantages of using computers?
Speed Reliability Consistency
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
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What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Violation ofPrivacy
Impact onEnvironment
Impact onLabor Force
Health Risks
Categories of Computers
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What are the categories of computers?
Personal Computers(desktop)
Mobile Computers andMobile Devices
Midrange Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
Personal Computers
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What are the two most popular series of personal computers?
PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system
Apple Macintosh uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS)
Personal Computers
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What is a desktop computer? Designed so all of the components fit entirely on
or under a desk or table
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
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What is a notebook computer? Portable, small enough
to fit on your lap Also called a laptop
computer Generally more
expensive than a desktop computer
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
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What are smart phones and smart watches?
A smart watch isan Internet-enabled
watch that automaticallyadjusts to time zone changes
and stores personal information
A smart phone isan Internet-enabled
telephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities
Servers
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What types of servers are there?
Midrange server Powerful, large computer that supports up to a few thousand computers
Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of computers
Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations
Embedded Computers
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What is an embedded computer? A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
Desktop Microcomputer
A microcomputer that fits on a desk and runs on power from an electrical wall outlet.The CPU can be housed in either a vertical or a horizontal case.Has separate components (keyboard, mouse, etc.) that are each plugged into the computer.
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Laptop Computer
A portable, compact computer that can run on an electrical wall outlet or a battery unit.All components (keyboard, mouse, etc.) are in one compact unit.Usually more expensive than a comparable desktop.Sometimes called a Notebook.
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Mainframe Computer
Large expensive computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users.Used to store, manage, and process large amounts of data that need to be reliable, secure, and centralized.Usually housed in a closet sized cabinet.
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MiniComputers
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Mostly built between 1963 and 1987
Smaller and less powerful than a mainframe, typically about the size and shape of a wardrobe, mounted in a single tall rack.
Were often used in applications such as industrial control, permanently assigned to one application.
These days they have been largely replaced by PCs.
Thank For Listening
Thanks and Regarding ;
Badrinath Madanrao Kadam.
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